What cognitive process is primarily responsible for detecting features or the sensation that is imprinted on our nervous system?
Bottom-up processing
100
Because there is some evidence for subliminal messaging it suggests that we have what kind of filter in our modal model of human memory?
Late filter
100
What was the distinct difference between the best and good violinists when it came to the percentage of time used for sleep and why?
Best students napped because it was necessary to recharge for their improvement in the domain.
100
What specifically increased the chances of detecting a signal on the radar task?
Increasing the brightness of the signal increased detection
100
Which drug increased detection of errant ticks in the clock task?
Benzedrine
200
What theory of categorization would explain how we categorize a new type of bug that we have never seen and compare it to an average of all bugs within that species?
Prototype theory
200
What three factors influences our perception?
Knowledge, environment, and perceptual system
200
How many hours or years did Ericsson suggest that it took for one to become an expert?
10,000 hours or 10 years.
200
In Mackworth's military experiments, which of the tasks did people perform worse on?
Sonar Task
200
Where in our modal model of human memory would we store categories?
Long-term memory
300
What was the main finding that Shepard and Metzler (1971) found in their study when they used mental rotation tasks to examine the template theory?
It took longer for people to recognize that it was the same figure when it was rotated further away in degrees compared to the original orientation.
300
What key behavior is your eye performing when you are reading a book?
Saccades
300
What kind of practice is effortful and where attempts are made to always maximize performance?
Deliberate Practice
300
After the first round of 30mins for the clock task, Mackworth found that people performed worse by how much approx ?
15%
300
What are rods and cones primarily responsible for in the retina?
Rods are sensitive to detecting light and cones are used to detect color and no so much light.
400
Which effect explains the finding of Labov's (1974) study when people thought some cups more cup like than other cups?
Typicality effects
400
What does contralateral projections mean with respect to our perceptual system?
information from right eye is processed in the left hemisphere and vice versa.
400
True or False: Amateurs are amateurs because they are born with a set of innate abilities that is less superior to experts.
False
400
What is the cognitive state where exposure to a repeated stimulus becomes ignored?
Habituation
500
What are the three types of converging evidence that suggest that typicality effects exist?
Membership production, typicality ratings, and sentence verification
500
Hubel & Wiesel (1959) used single cell recording technique to identify neurons that respond to certain types of stimuli patterns and not to others to support what theory?
Feature detection theory
500
Other than deliberate practice, what did Ericsson suggest as necessary for someone to have access to in order to achieve expert level performance?
Teachers, training facilities, feedback, coaches etc.
500
Which of the rounds 1-4 were worse for any of the tasks that Mackworth gave?