Neuro
What does MSE stand for?
Mental Status Exam
What are the four types of achievement tests?
What does the WISC-V stand for?
Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children, Fifth Edition
What are the WAIS-IV indices?
- Verbal Comprehensive Index (VCI)
- Perceptual Reasoning Index (PRI)
- Working Memory Index (WMI)
- Processing Speed Index (PSI)
3 measures of central tendency
Mean: average variability
Median: divides sample in half (middle)
Mode: most frequent score
What is one of the main "mini batteries" used in neuropsychological testing
Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS)
Name all of the WRAT-5 indices.
What is another test used for intelligence in children?
(Hint: It's a University in Northern Cali)
Stanford-Binet 5th edition (SB5)
Which year did Dr. Weschler develop his first intelligence assessment? Which year did Dr. Weschler develop his last intelligence assessment?
Wechsler-Bellevue Intelligence scale, which was developed in 1939
Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (4th edition) was developed in 2008
What is reliability?
An estimate of the amount of true variance to observed variance.
Name 3 Neuropsychological screening tools used
Bender-Gestalt
A host of mental status exams (NCSE, MOCA, Mini-Mental Status, etc)
ADHD screenings; child and adult (Conner’s, Barkley, CPT)
Hooper visual organization test
Rey-Osterreith complex figure
What is the exception to which the order of the WRAT-5 subtests should be administered?
The recommended order of testing is Word Reading, Sentence Comprehension, Spelling, and Math Computation.
Exception: The Word Reading subtest should be administered before the Sentence Comprehension subtest because an individual's scores on Part 2 of the Word Reading subtest can be used as a routing test to determine the appropriate starting item on Sentence Comprehension, thereby shortening the time required. In addition, the Word Reading score also determines whether or not the Sentence Comprehension subtest should be administered at all.
What is the name of the model/theory that is used for the psychometric approach for intelligence testing?
Cattell-Horn-Carroll Model (CHC)
What are the subtests for each WAIS-IV index?
VCI = Similarities, Vocabulary, Information, (Comprehension)
PRI = Block design, Matrix Reasoning, Visual Puzzles, (Figure weights), (Picture completion)
WMI = Digit Span, Arithmetic, (Letter-number sequencing)
PSI = Coding, Symbol search, (Cancellation)
What is validity?
Validity refers to the degree to which evidence and theory support the interpretations of test scores entailed by proposed uses of tests.
- Validation of a test is the gradual accumulation of evidence that indicates whether the test does indeed measure what it is intended to measure.
This man is known for the development of "functional units"
Alexander Luria
Name four uses of the WRAT-5
• Conduct time-efficient small group administration in selected math and spelling areas to identify individuals requiring a more comprehensive academic evaluation;
• Assess, in conjunction with the WRAT–Expanded, a broader range of academic skills useful in the diagnosis of specific learning disorders;
• Reevaluate individuals diagnosed with learning and/or cognitive disorders;
• Evaluate achievement-ability discrepancies to identify specific learning disabilities;
• Assess specific academic skills as part of a more comprehensive study of psychological and neuropsychological functioning;
• Assess an individual's academic progress over time.
What are the 3 complimentary scales of the WISC-V?
1. Naming Speed Index (NPI)
2. Symbol Translation Index (STI)
3. Storage and Retrieval Index (SRI)
Explain the difference between fluid intelligence and crystallized intelligence.
Fluid intelligence allows an individual to conceptualize abstract information and to construct strategies to deal with new problems. This often involves having to manipulate abstractions, such as puzzles, and having to analyze and classify relationships that exist between different variables.
Crystallized intelligence is derived from accumulated knowledge over time. This often incorporates recalling historical events, identifying geographical locations, remembering important historical figures, and being able to learn and recall vocabulary terms.
What are the 4 types of Measurement Scales?
Nominal: categorical (names, colors, parties, ethnicities)
Ordinal: order or rank (pain, depression, sickness scale ) no comparison
Interval: equal intervals (a measure of IQ, time, degrees F or C) comparison
Ratio: interval scale plus meaningful zero (miles/hour, temperature)
What are 5 things we assess for in a neurological evaluation
Mental Status, Sensory/Motor skills,Visual-Spatial skills, Language, Memory, Executive processes, Emotional status
Name 2 strengths and 2 weaknesses of the WRAT-5.
Strengths
• Ease of administration and scoring; takes very little time.
• psychometrically sound
• Has excellent standardization
• Correlates well with other achievement and cognitive tests
• In clinical studies separates people with learning or cognitive deficits from people without
Weaknesses
• Only screens for strengths and weaknesses
• Does not measure other important achievement abilities.
• In later adolescent and adult years, WRAT-4 does not adequately measure the skills of readers that are above-average or advanced.
• Only a small number of appropriate items for younger children are being tested.
What is an update that has been made from the WISC-IV to the WISC-V?
•Update theoretical foundations
•Increase user friendliness
•Increase developmental appropriateness
•Improve psychometric properties
•Enhance clinical utility
What is the General Assessment of Intelligence (GAI) and when would you use it?
The GAI is utilized whenever there is a difference of 23 or greater composite points between any of the four indices. The GAI is an alternative index score and measure of intelligence. It is derived by calculating three subtests within the Verbal Comprehension Index and three subtests within the Perceptual Reasoning Index. It is used to help reduce the amount of influence deterioration, and other situational factors may have on the participant’s performance.
What is a standard error of measurement (SEM)?
Standard error of measurement provides an estimation of the range of scores that would be obtained if someone took the test over and over again.
This concept is important in determining reliability
Can be used to provide a client with an expected range of where his/her true score would fall