Memory in Infants
A method for measuring infant cognition using a mobile attached to their foot
What is the conjugate reinforcement technique?
Intentional, goal-oriented activities we use to improve our memories
What are memory strategies?
In the Sam Stone study, this plus suggestion led to the most false memories in children
What is stereotype?
The lifespan approach emphasizes that development continues beyond this life stage
What is young adulthood?
Sounds involving vowels that infants make around 2 months
What is cooing?
Infants as young as this age (in days) can visually recognize their mothers
What is 3 days?
The problem of not using memory strategies effectively, even when you know them
What is utilization deficiency?
Children in this condition of the Sam Stone study were highly accurate
What is the control condition?
Elderly adults show age similarities on these types of working memory tasks
What are simple tasks?
Sounds involving vowels and consonants that infants make around 6 months
What is babbling?
By this age (in months), infants can create associations between two objects even without reinforcement
What is 6 months?
Memory for experiences and information related to yourself
What is autobiographical memory?
This age group (older or younger) provides more accurate eyewitness testimony
Who are older children?
This type of long-term memory shows minimal age differences (crosswords, general knowledge)
What is semantic memory?
Using context to make reasonable guesses about a word's meaning after 1-2 exposures
What is fast mapping?
These two factors influence infant memory, similar to adult memory
What are context effects and spacing effect?
The process of trying to identify the origin of a particular memory
What is source monitoring?
Children make more errors when interviewers use this type of tone and complex language
What is emotional tone?
The belief in one's own potential to perform well on memory tasks
What is memory self-efficacy?
The tendency to add customary morphemes to create new forms like 'runned' or 'mouses'
What is overregularization?
The researcher famous for the mobile and train tasks studying infant memory
Who is Carolyn Rovee-Collier?
Three memory strategies children learn: this one (repeating), organization, and imagery
What is rehearsal?
Children with this cognitive characteristic recalled less information than typically developing children
What are intellectual disabilities?
This hypothesis explains why elderly adults struggle more with explicit recall than recognition
What is the contextual-cues hypothesis?
Social rules and world knowledge that allow people to communicate appropriately with others
What is pragmatics?