Autobiographical Memory
What are episodic and semantic?
This sin of commission involves extensive involuntary retrieval and is a common symptom of PTSD.
What is persistence?
Name of the early memory researcher who gave us the classic forgetting (aka. savings) curve. (He's also the father of memory as reproduction).
Who is Hermann Ebbinghaus?
Name of the phenomenon where a person comes to "remember" something as real they had only day-dreamed about.
What is imagination inflation?
Name of the person who was falsely imprisioned for over 10 years after being confidently (mis-) identified by Jennifer Thompson as the person who raped her.
Who is Ronald Cotton?
Name of the graph showing how well AMs are remembered throughout the lifespan.
What is the autobiographical retention function?
Memory error of commission in which you remember some information but ascribe it to the wrong source.
What is misattribution?
Theory that says memory fades with time.
What is decay theory?
Aspects of these two organized knowledge structures--one for objects or places, the other for events--are often "remembered" even though they did not occur.
What are schemas & scripts?
Although remembered with high confidence, these photo-like memories created by surprising social news, are just as susceptible to forgetting and distortion as regular memories.
What are flashbulb memories?
Two of the four reasons that likely explain childhood amnesia.
What are brain (PFC & hippo) development, development of language & self, and retrieval failure (context change)?
This error of omission often involves not encoding the information in the first place.
What is absent-mindedness?
Form of forgetting in which an earlier event blocks your ability to remember a more recent event.
What is proactive interference?
This woman pioneered false memory research with her smashing studies on misleading questions and the misinformation paradigm.
Who is Elizabeth Loftus?
Two of the three mechanisms that explain enhanced memory for emotional events.
What are elaboration, rehearsal, & consolidation? (cf. influence of amygdala on hippocampus).
Name of the enhanced memory (in people over 40) for events occurring in their adolescence and young adulthood.
What is the reminiscence bump?
This error of omission is most akin to the interference theory of forgetting.
What is blocking?
Form of forgetting in which a later event blocks your ability to remember an earlier event.
What is retroactive interference?
If you see "night, bed, rest, pillow, dream, snore" and later remember "sleep", you just demonstrated this false memory phenomenon.
What is the Deese, Roediger, McDermott (DRM) effect?
Name of the book by which claimed that mental health problems in adulthood may reflect repressed memories of childhood sexual abuse.
What is The Courage to Heal?
Two of the three functions served by autobiographical memory.
What are communicative, emotion, and directive.
Error of commission first studied by Bartlett (father of reconstructive memory) in his research on memory for War of the Ghosts.
What is bias?
Theory of forgetting, based on ES & TAP, which suggests you might remember if only you could get back into the proper context?
What is retrieval failure?
Some have argued that this type of criminal line-up encourages eyewitnesses to choose the person most similar to who they saw, rather then the exact person.
What are simultaneous line-ups? (cf. sequential line up)?
One of two cognitive phenomena that may help explain cases of recovered memory without appealing to the Freudian notion of repression.
What are intentional forgetting & the reframing of retrieval cues? (cf. ES/TAP; retrieval failure).