Memory
The tendency to recall the first and last items in a list better than the middle items is called the:
A. Spacing effect
B. Serial position effect
C. Chunking effect
D. Encoding specificity principle
B) Serial Position
Divergent thinking is best described as the ability to:
A. Arrive at a single correct answer
B. Generate many possible solutions to a problem
C. Memorize information quickly
D. Recall past experiences accurately
B) Generate many possible solutions to a problem
What is the role of the hippocampus?
A. Controls balance and coordination
B. Processes emotions
C. Forms new explicit memories
D. Stores procedural memories
C) Forms new explicit memories
A mental grouping of similar objects, events, or people is called a:
A. Concept
B. Algorithm
C. Heuristic
D. Prototype
A) Concept
The spacing effect refers to:
A. Studying information all at once
B. Repeating information without understanding
C. Distributing study over time
D. Forgetting information quickly
C) Distributing study over time
Which of the following is most closely associated with creativity?
A. Convergent thinking
B. Functional fixedness
C. Divergent thinking
D. Algorithm use
C) Divergent Thinking
Which brain structure is most critical for forming new explicit memories?
A. Cerebellum
B. hippocampus
C. Medulla
D. Amygdala
B) Hippocampus
A mental shortcut used for quick judgments is a:
A. Algorithm
B. Heuristic
C. Grammar rule
D. Phoneme
B) Heuristic
The process of getting information into memory is called:
A. Encoding
B. Retrieval
C. Storage
D. Rehearsal
A) Encoding
Which brain lobe is most involved in language production?
A. Occipital lobe
B. Parietal lobe
C. Frontal lobe
D. Temporal lobe
C) Frontal Lobe
Damage to the hippocampus would most likely result in:
A. Loss of balance
B. Inability to form new long-term memories
C. Loss of speech
D. Increased aggression
B) Inability to form new long-term memories
The tendency to see things only in their usual function is called:
A. Fixation
B. Functional fixedness
C. Divergent thinking
D. Encoding failure
B) Functional fixedness
Which type of memory holds information briefly before it is either stored or forgotten?
A. Long-term memory
B. Short-term memory
C. Implicit memory
D. Procedural memory
B) Short-term memory
Damage to Broca's area would most likely result in:
A. Difficulty understanding language
B. Difficulty producing speech
C. Loss of hearing
D. Inability to read
B) Difficulty producing speech
The amygdala plays a key role in:
A. Processing visual information
B. Storing procedural memory
C. Emotionally arousing memories
D. Language comprehension
C) Emotionally arousing memories
Noam Chomsky proposed that humans are born with:
A. Learned grammar rules
B. Conditioning-based speech
C. No innate language ability
D. A language acquisition device
D) A language acquisition device
Remembering how to ride a bike is an example of:
A. Episodic memory
B. Semantic memory
C. Procedural memory
D. Working memory
C) Procedural
The idea that language development has a critical period is most closely associated with:
A. B. F. Skinner
B. Noam Chomsky
C. Jean Piaget
D. Sigmund Freud
B) Noam Chomsky
Which brain structure is most involved in forming implicit (procedural) memories?
A. Hippocampus
B. Frontal lobe
C. Cerebellum
D. Thalamus
C) Cerebellum
The Flynn effect refers to:
A. Declining intelligence over generations
B. Increasing IQ scores over time
C. Genetic inheritance of IQ
D. Cultural bias in testing
B) Increasing IQ scores over time