Attention
When performing a dichotic listening task, immediately repeating, word for word, the contest of one of the messages.
What is shadowing?
Drawn on by a wide range of tasks, easily accessible, and content closely associated with the current focus of attention.
What is working memory?
The repetition of items to be remembered, with little attention paid to what the items mean.
What is maintenance rehearsal?
The kind of error when remembering in which other knowledge intrudes into the remembered event.
What is an intrusion error?
For most recall tests, the transfer of items into long-term storage is best facilitated by ________ rehearsal.
What is elaborative rehearsal?
The failure to notice a fully-visible, but unexpected object because attention was engaged on another task, event, or object.
What is inattentional blindness?
This memory system is theoretically unlimited in capacity.
What is long term memory?
The kind of memory that occurs without the intent to memorize.
What is incidental learning?
This effect refers to the fact that false information, presented after a participant has encoded an event, can alter the participant’s subsequent recall of the event.
What is a the misinformation effect?
Week after week, Solomon watched his favorite TV show. He never planned to memorize the characters’ names, and he never took any steps to memorize them. Nonetheless, he soon knew them all. This sort of learning is called...
What is incidental learning?
While engaged in a conversation, you suddenly hear someone mention your name and it pops out to you.
What is the cocktail party effect?
The magic number that represents the capacity of working memory.
What is the number 7?
The kind of encoding that results in the best retrieval.
What is deep processing?
The time between when you learn something and when you retrieve that thing.
What is the retention interval?
The evidence both from unilateral neglect patients and from patients with normal attentional abilities suggests that...
What is attention is both spatial and object-based?
Used to keep current goals active, inhibits distracting thoughts, and relies on the prefrontal cortex.
What is executive control?
Creating meaningful units of information to maximize working memory capacity.
What is chunking?
What is a mnemonic strategy?
The 3 hypotheses for why we forget.
What is delay, interference, and retrieval failure?
The type of task that involves listening to two stories (one in each ear) and repeating the content of the attended story.
What is a dichotic listening task?
Suggests all inputs are processed to a reasonable degree; however, only the attended input reaches consciousness.
What is the "late selection" theory?
The helper within the working memory system that stores visual materials.
What is the visuospatial buffer?
The connections in the memory system that allow you to access to the to be retrieved information (hint: path).
What is a retrieval path?
Forgetting is generally ________ over the first few minutes and hours and then ________ over subsequent time periods.
What is fast; slow?
The way to improve performance on divided attention tasks.
What is to make sure that the tasks are different from each other and draw on different task-specific resources?