Inferential statistics and use of qualitative data
100
Holding and keeping information in memory is known as...
storage
100
The hypothesis which states there is no effect expect that which occurs by chance is the ___________ hypothesis.
null
100
What is a double-blind experiment?
An experiment where the participants nor the experimenters know which participants received which treatment
100
Participant/experimental designs are used in psychology to...
Distribute participants between conditions
100
In what type of study does a researcher study an individual subject in depth?
Case study
200
How would you define ‘retrieval’?
The process of recalling a stored memory
200
What is a weakness of natural experiments?
They may be difficult to replicate as the independent variable is not manipulated
200
Sue is testing her students’ dieting behaviour an thinks some of them may be tired. These_________ variables may affect her results.
participant
200
In an independent groups design, a separate group of people serves as the control group. In the repeated measures design,
Participants serve as their own controls
200
Researchers’ results are said to be statistically significant when
Results are less than 5% due to chance
300
What analogy/metaphor is often used in the cognitive approach?
computer analogy
300
Mr Swain devises the following hypothesis for his study: ‘students who receive feedback about their work will do better
on future test than those who receive no feedback.’ What type of hypothesis is this an example of?
directional (one-tailed)
300
What is a common way of controlling extraneous variables in an experiment?
Random assigment
300
Which experimental design uses two groups of participants chosen to be similar?
Matched pairs
300
What is the difference between interval and ratio level data?
Ratio data will have an absolute zero
400
Explain what is meant by autobiographical memory ?
Like episodic memory, it is a memory for personal events
400
Zubair is behaving badly in his Psychology class because he is distracted by the two boys he sits with. His psychology teacher wants to test whether moving Zubair onto another table would have an effect. Identify the independent variable (IV) in the teacher’s experiment.
Whether he is on another table or not
400
When the presence of a researcher affects the performance in a task is known as...
Hawthorne Effect
400
Alternating the conditions in a repeated measures experimental design to control for order effects is known as
counterbalancing
400
Name the most basic form of data you can gather and give an example.
Nominal data,
frequency of for example pet owners or individuals without a pet
500
Define anterograde amnesia.
The loss of ability to make new memories, while memories before the injury remain relatively intact
500
When you are writing a hypothesis for a study your teacher asks you to define your variables so they can be precisely measured. What is this process known as?
Operationalisation
500
A researcher compares students’ performance using a new learning strategy to their performance using the old strategy. Students’ performance is first tested with the old strategy, followed by the new strategy. The results indicate that students perform better with the new strategy. These results
are uninterpretable due to the confounding with practice effects.
500
Name 6 types of validity.
Internal, external, construct, predictive, ecological, population validity
500
What is a type 2 error?
when the alternative hypothesis is rejected and the null hypothesis retained when there was actually a real effect