18.1 Postwar Visions of Europe
What vision did the Soviet Union have for post war Europe?
Buffer zone (communists states in the East)
Name the leader the United States backed in China?
Chiang Kai-shek
What is Domino Theory?
if one country falls to communism the surrounding countries will fall to communism
What is the main difference between Truman and Eisenhower when it comes to communism?
Truman wants to contain communism/ Eisenhower much more aggressive (massive retaliation and policy of brinkmanship)
What is a Levittown?
Rapid growth of suburbs of bringing the assembly line to build houses to get millions to move into the middle class
What was the goal of the newly formed (1945) United Nations?
Create lasting peace (replaced the League of Nations)
Peasants
What is HUAC? What was the goal?
House Un-American Activities Committee- to investigate potential communists (most notably the Hollywood 10)
What does it mean "more bang for your buck"?
Atomic weapons deter war and less expensive than military (feeding, clothing, salaries...)
What are blue collar jobs?
Professional jobs requiring trade or more hands on work IE/ manufacturing, repairman, fireman
What was the Baruch Plan?
USA could keep its nuclear capabilities and no other nation have the ability to develop nuclear weapons
How did MacArthur want to attack China?
Nuclear war
Who is Alger Hiss?
Convicted of espionage and worked in the Department of Agriculture
What is brinkmanship?
willingness to go to the edge of all-out-war
What did Dr. Jonas Salk find a vaccine for?
Polio
What was the Truman Doctrine?
$400 million dollars in aid to Greece and Turkey AS LONG AS they would have democratic elections
How did the Korean War end?
Stalemate at the 38 degree parallel
Who were the Rosenberg's?
What was the "Open Skies" Proposal?
Supposed to guard against nuclear attack by allowing flights over each others countries (reject by the Soviets)
What two things did the Fair Deal focus on?
Health Care and Crop subsidies
What was the Marshall Plan?
$13 billion in aid to Western European nations to make communism lose appeal within the region
What was the fighting like in Korea?
520,000 American fighting, freezing temperatures, 54,000 Americans dead, 67 billion dollars ENDED IN A STALEMATE
What brought Joseph McCarthy down?
Joseph Welch (Chief Counsel for the U.S. Army) defending the U.S. Army "At long last, have you left no sense of decency?"
Who was Francis Gary Powers and what is his significance to the Cold War?
U.S. Air Force pilot shot down over Soviet Union, showed the growing distrust between the Soviets and the American heightening Cold War tensions
Why did the United States avoid a Depression after WWII?
American consumer