Cold War & Decolonization

Beginnings of the CW

100

Leaders of the U.S. and USSR at the START of the Cold War

Truman and Stalin

200

Term coined by Winston Churchill to describe the ideological barrier between Eastern and Western Europe.

Iron Curtain

300

The primary political/economic philosophy of the USSR during the Cold War.

Communism

400

Examples include: East Germany, Poland, Hungary, Bulgaria, and Romania

Soviet Satellite States

500

U.S. policy designed to offer $12 billion in aid to all nations of Europe in order to modernize their industries, reduce trade barriers, and rebuild infrastructure.

Marshall Plan

Proxy Wars

100

This conflict last for 3 years and ultimately resulted in the continuation of a split of political leadership along the 38th parallel.

Korean War

200

The Bay of Pigs Invasion and a missile crisis would take place in this Caribbean Island during the Cold War.

Cuba

300

Following the policy of containment, U.S. president Dwight Eisenhower attempted to stop the spread of communist forces, led by Ho Chi Minh, in this Asian country.

Vietnam

400

Western Allies used this operation to combat the Soviet blockade of East Germany while also avoiding military confrontation.

Berlin Airlift

500

After rebel forces called the Sandinistas ended the dictatorship in Nicaragua, this U.S. backed group would fight to overthrow them in a war that lasted for 7 years.

The Contras

Spread of Communism

0

Two policies passed by Mikhail Gorbachev that is often credited with the dissolution of the Soviet Union.

Perestroika & Glasnost

100

Leader of Communist China from 1949 to 1976. Was instrumental in establishing the communist party of China and leading the party to victory during the Chinese Civil War.

Mao Zedong

200

Chinese Economic Policy that encouraged the use of man power over machine power. This policies goal was to industrialize but ultimately led to severe famine and the death of roughly 20 million people.

Great Leap Forward

300

After failing to industrialize China, this movement to rewrite the legacy of the Communist Party used students to fill the ranks of a "Red Guard" that would target intellectuals and political opponents who may challenge the rule of the Communist Party.

Cultural Revolution

400

Leader of the Goumindang who sought to unify China by fighting against the Communists.

Chiang Kai Shek

500

Implementation of land reforms that occurred in Iran under the leadership of the Shah. The name of these changes relates to the fact that they came without bloodshed.

White Revolution

More Cold War

100

Scientific and technological competition between the U.S. and Soviet Union that took place during the Cold War

Space Race

200

Cold War alliance between the U.S. and other pro-democratic countries

North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO)

300

Concept that the development of nuclear weapons between the two superpowers of the world would actually avoid a nuclear war.

Mutually Assured Destruction

400

In 1949, the Soviet Union created this organization to plan out the rebuilding Eastern Europe after WWII.

Council for Mutual Economic Assistance (COMECON)

500

In 1955, representatives from 29 countries met in Indonesia to ultimately passed a resolution to condemn colonialism.

Bandung Conference

Decolonization

100

Leader of the Indian Independence movement who is most well known for his use of civil disobedience.

Mahatma Gandhi

200

Ghanian leader who was inspired by Gandhi, fought for Ghana's independence, and advocated for unity among Africans.

Kwame Nkrumah

300

The violent, Land and Freedom uprising in Kenya from 1952 - 1956.

Mau Mau

400

After gaining independence from the Portuguese, this African country would be heavily influenced by ethnic division and Cold War powers experienced a long and bloody Civil War that would last for 27 years.

Angola

500

This policy, being a lasting impact of European imperialism, legalized segregation in South Africa.

Apartheid