Early Cold War
Surprise?
USSR Developments
1980s Cold War
End of Cold War
100
What famous speech did Winston Churchill give that described the new reality of Europe? What was he describing?
Iron Curtain Speech - the inability of the West to penetrate the areas that were controlled by the Soviet Union
100

What was the event in Cuba where the US supported rebels in a failed attempt to overthrow the government? 

Bay of Pigs Invasion

100
Who was the Soviet leader after Stalin's death and what major policy did he institute?
Khrushchev - Destalinization
100
What American president came to power in the 1980s and is considered a "Cold Warrior" b/c of his hardline stance against the Soviet Union?
Ronald Reagan
100

What leader decided to focus on domestic policies in the USSR in mid-1980s?

Mikhail Gorbachev

200

What became a symbol of Soviet Union dominion (control) over Eastern Europe?

Berlin Wall


200
In the 1960s, the US came its closest to nuclear war with the Soviet Union... why? Who was involved?
Cuban Missile Crisis - (Khrushchev) USSR trying to put nuclear missiles in Cuba; US (Kennedy) required them to stop (instituted blockade of Cuba); USSR backed down and US promised not to invade Cuba (and 6 months later removed US missiles from Turkey)
200

In the 1950s, Soviet Premier Nikita Khrushchev promoted this policy, which called for competing with the West economically and politically, not through nuclear war.

peaceful coexistence

200

Why was 1983 a particularly tense year between the US & Soviets?

Arms race; US spied on Soviet launches; Soviets shot down airliner; NATO exercise "Able Archer" seen as actually preparation for attack by Soviets; Evil Empire speech

200
What symbolic event marked the beginning of the end of communism in Europe in 1989/1990? In what year did the Soviet Union officially cease to exist?
Fall of the Berlin Wall (1989) & reunification of Germany (1990); End of USSR = 1991
300

What two rival defensive organizations (Cold War Alliances) developed during the early Cold War?

NATO & Warsaw Pact

300

What leader sought a closer relationship with the Soviet Union to offset the threat of a US invasion?

Fidel Castro

300
Who followed Khrushchev as the new leader of the Soviet Union and what was his major policy?
Brezhnev - Brezhnev doctrine (USSR had a right to intervene to protect communism wherever it existed)
300

This 1980s treaty eliminated an entire class of nuclear weapons and was signed by Reagan and Gorbachev in 1987

INF Treaty (Intermediate-Range Nuclear Forces Treaty) 

300

What were the two major Gorbachev policies and what was the aim? 

 Glasnost - "openness", allowed for free flow of info (including criticism); 

Perestroika (economic restructuring) - allowed low-level capitalism w/private ownership;

400

What country "fell" to communism by 1949 and immediately developed a "friendship" with the Soviet Union? What was the official name of this country and the leader?

China - People's Republic of China - Mao Zedong

400

In 1968, this “spring” in Czechoslovakia ended when Warsaw Pact troops, led by the USSR, invaded to stop liberal reforms.

Prague Spring

400

A new period between the US and the major communist nations began in the 1970s.  Give at least two specific examples of what happened in this time frame.

Détente; an easing of tensions between the US and the Soviet Union (SALT talks; China-US relationship improvement)

400

Based on second-strike capability, this Cold War concept claimed peace could be maintained through the threat of complete nuclear annihilation.

"Mutually Assured Destruction"  MAD


400

this Polish trade union, led by Lech Wałęsa, pressured the government to allow partially free elections, a major blow to Soviet control.

Solidarity

500

What is the difference between the Truman Doctrine and the Marshall Plan? What is containment?

Truman Doctrine - US would support any country resisting communism; Marshall plan - US would give economic aid to those European countries who need it (open to all); Containment = US policy to keep communism within the borders where it already exists by supporting anti-communist movements elsewhere

500

What was considered a "high point" of détente in the Cold War when the US and Soviets agree to cooperate in science & tech; established principles for human rights

Helsinki Accords

500
The Soviet Union shocked the world twice, once in 1949 and again in 1957. What did it do both times?
Detonated its first atomic bomb; launched the first satellite (Sputnik) into space
500

Nicknamed “Star Wars,” this Reagan-era defense initiative aimed to use space-based technology to intercept Soviet nuclear missiles

"Strategic Defense Initiative" or SDI

500

Chronic shortages of consumer goods and poor agricultural output are examples of this economic problem.

stagnation / inefficiency

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