Day 1 and 2
resulted from the rivalry between two global superpowers, the United States and the Soviet Union, that emerged after World War II
What is the Cold War?
some Americans feared that communists had infiltrated the United States
What was the Red Scare?
a competition between the two nations to build the most powerful weapons. To stay ahead in the arms race, the United States increased spending on its Air Force and expanded its nuclear arsenal
What is the arms race?
Tensions between the United States and the Soviet Union escalated when a U.S. spy plane discovered missile bases being built to house nuclear weapons being shipped to Cuba
What was the Cuban Missile Crisis?
a new music genre with roots in African American, country, and gospel music, brought people from diverse backgrounds together. It also caused young generations to rebel against their parents
What is rock and roll?
• The United States adopted a foreign policy of ____________________, which focused on stopping the spread of communism
What was Containment?
North Korea invaded South Korea with the goal of reuniting the two countries into one nation under communist rule • In response, the United States led a UN military intervention to help South Korea and contain the spread of communism
What was the Korean War?
To keep up with the Soviet Union, the United States increased funding for math, science, and technology education in hopes of creating a new generation of engineers
What was the Space Race?
In 1959,________________, an ally of the Soviet Union, led a revolution in Cuba that overthrew the government and established a communist regime
Who was Fidel Castro?
caused a surge in housing demand, which led to the growth of suburbs and development of highway systems
What was the baby boom?
To protect themselves from potential attacks by the Soviet Union, the United States and several democratic European countries formed a military alliance known as
What was NATO?
a campaign to expose alleged communists within the U.S. government
What was McCarthyism?
the Soviets successfully launched the first satellite and started the Space Race
What is Sputnik I?
In 1961, the United States attempted to remove Castro and his communist government through
What was the Bay of Pigs Invasion?
, provided benefits to support veterans as they transitioned back to civilian life • Tuition support for college or vocational education more than doubled the number of veterans that graduated • Low-interest loans allowed millions of veterans to own their own homes
What was the GI Bill?
stated that the United States would support any country threatened by a communist regime, and soon began providing aid to Greece and Turkey
What was the Truman Doctrine?
believed communist propaganda was being secretly introduced to the American public through movies
What was HUAC?
NASA’s satellite, originally created to map Earth, contributed to the military’s development of________________________
What is GPS?
In response to the Cuban Missile Crisis, President Kennedy ordered a ____________________ of the island to stop future shipments of Soviet missiles
what is a naval blockade
a scientist who developed the first safe and effective polio vaccine, which laid the foundation for preventing the spread of many other infectious diseases
Who was Jonas Salk?
provide financial assistance to Western European countries so they could rebuild their economies after the devastation of World War II
What was the Marshall Plan?
President Truman issued _____________________ to desegregate the U.S. military, which was a major civil rights victory for minorities
What is Executive Order 9981?
set the ambitious goal of landing an American on the moon by the end of the decade
Who was JFK?
a group of writers and artists in the 1950s who challenged traditional values and helped spark a cultural shift toward greater individual freedom and self-expression
Who were the Beat Generation?