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A person who forces another to commit a crime can be charged and convicted of the committed crime in addition to the other offenses.
What is Coercion?
Laws that impose increased penalties for multiple felony convictions.
What is "three strikes" law?
Nonverbal expressions that convey a belief or idea.
What is symbolic speech?
A defense to criminal prosecution on the grounds that the defendant was forced to commit the criminal act.
What is duress?
Going back to early English law, the concept and use of seizing the property that was used to commit a crime.
What is forfeiture?
Under the common law. a gathering of three or more people for any unlawful purpose or under such circumstances as to endanger the public peace or cause alarm and apprehension.
What is unlawful assembly?
A claim by a defendant that the defendant did not know the action taken violated the criminal law.
mistake of law
Under the Eighth Amendment, a limitation on punishment for criminal conduct.
What is cruel and unusual punishment?
What 1942 Supreme Court case defined fighting words as "those words by which their very utterance...tend to incite an immediate breach of peace."
What is the U.S. Supreme Court in Chaplinsky v. New Hampshire?
In all criminal cases, the government must prove that crime charged was committed and that the defendant was party to the crime.
What is corpus delicti?
In the Middle Ages in England, this was a religious place where criminals could take refuge.
What is sanctuary?
What two Supreme Court cases involved a conviction for inciting violence based on statements to crowds that seemed to urge others to commit violent acts?
What is Hess v. Indiana and Brandenberg v. Ohio?
Prohibits prosecutorial authorities from using a compelled testimony in a criminal prosecution, but does not make the witness totally immune from prosecution based on evidence other than the witness's testimony and not derived from that testimony.
What is use immunity?
What court case stated that a fact was a "sentencing factor" only if it was not an "element" of the offense charged?
What is O'Brien v. the U.S. Supreme Court.
What Colorado criminal libel statute makes it a class 6 felony to utter false statements about a person with the intent to damage his reputation or hold the person up to public ridicule or contempt?
What is Colo. Rev. State 18-13-105?