Chapter 6
Defendants rarely plead insanity. Those who do
rarely succeed
Accessory to a crime is a separate offense, usually a
misdemeanor
A conspiracy where one or more defendants participate in every transaction is known as
a wheel conspiracy
As the common law developed, murder was distinguished from manslaughter in that murder required
malice aforethought
Which test focuses on defect in reason or cognition?
right-wrong
In the majority of states, duress is not a defense for
murder
An agreement to commit a crime is a
conspiracy
Criminal attempts, criminal conspiracies, and criminal solicitation are all what kind of crimes?
inchoate
If an armed offender accidentally killed the store clerk during an armed robbery, this would be
felony murder
Liability based on ownership or operation of a business may be specifically imposed by
statue
The insanity defense stands for the important proposition that we can only blame people who are
responsible
Criminal liability of corporations is a form of what kind of liability?
vicarious
Voluntary and complete abandonment of an attempt in progress is a defense to what liability in about half the states?
attempt liability
In a death penalty case, a finding by the jury that the defendant did not have a significant criminal background is considered
a mitigating factor
Inchoate offenses punish people for crimes they’ve started to commit
but have not finished committing
The right-wrong test focuses on defect in reason or
cognition
Most vicarious liability involves which of the following relationships?
business
Which test on whether defendants have gone far enough toward completing the crime that it’s unlikely they’ll turn back?
the probable desistance test
The central elements in involuntary manslaughter are
Legal impossibility is
What legal term applies when a juvenile court gives up jurisdiction over a juvenile and transfers the case to the adult criminal court?
waiver
Purposely acting and wanting a crime to succeed clearly qualifies as accomplice
mens rea
Which test asks whether defendants have come “dangerously close” to completing the crime?
dangerous proximity to success test
What is the name of assisted suicide?
euthanasia
What state was the first to separate murder into two degrees?
Pennsylvania