Sampling methods
What is it called when you preform an equal chance selection,where each population member has an equal chance
Simple random sample
The treatments are given to two groups that can be matched up with each other in some ways
Matched Pair Design
This occurs when certain groups within the population are excluded or underrepresented in the sample
Under coverage Bias
Select a sample based on easy accessibility or convenience, and readily available participants are
Convenience Sampling
Sampling where the population is divided into subgroups, but each subgroup has similar characteristics to the whole sample
Cluster sample group
A block is a group of subjects that are similar, but the blocks differ from each other. Then randomly assign treatments to subjects
Randomized Block Design
When a significant portion of the sampled population either cannot be contacted or refuses to respond, it can introduce bias.
Non-Response Bias
This design focuses on the impact of one independent variable on a response variable, often with different levels or treatments of that single factor.
Single-Factor Experiment
Sample by selecting members of a population at a regular, predetermined interval, after a random starting point
Systemised random sample
Subjects are randomly assigned to different treatment groups.
Completely Random Design
This type of bias arises when individuals or groups are selected for a study in a way that systematically excludes certain characteristics or perspectives
Selection Bias
heavily based on cause and effect
Exipermental
Sampling similar subgroups and choosing all of the members in that sub group
Stratified Sampling
This design investigates the effects of multiple factors on a response variable by varying the levels of each factor in different combinations.
Factorial Design
This happens when individuals choose to participate in a survey or study, which may lead to a sample that is not representative of the entire population.
Voluntary Response Bias
can never prove cause and effect relationships
Observational