French & Indian War
Name the 4 European countries who had colonies in North America by 1750.
Russia, France, Spain, Britain
Boston Port Act
Closed Boston's port as punishment for the Boston Tea Party
Before the Boston Tea Party, most tea in America was smuggled from which country?
Netherlands
Who wrote the Declaration of Independence?
Thomas Jefferson
Supporters of Americans were called _________ while supporters of Britain were called ____________.
Patriots, Loyalists
Why did France and Britain both want to control the Ohio River Valley?
France wanted to use the rivers to protect Louisiana, while the British wanted to control the valley and expand westward.
Massachusetts Government Act
Took away Massachusetts' right to govern itself
Why did some of the men involved in the Boston Tea Party dress as Mohawk Native Americans?
To represent their unique American identity
Why did France join the revolution? What happened in France as a result?
France joined to get revenge on the British for the French & Indian War. The war put them even deeper in debt, partly leading to the French Revolution.
Which side did enslaved people support more in the war and why?
Britain because they promised them freedom.
The French were given 2 choices after the war: to give up all of their North American colonies or give up their Caribbean island colony of Martinique. Why did they choose to keep Martinique and give up the others?
Because Martinique used slaves to produce sugar, which was a lot more profitable than the furs they got from North America.
Quebec Act
Gave former French colonists in Canada the right to practice Catholicism and speak French
True or false: Americans didn't have to pay taxes when they bought British tea, but the British East India Company had to pay import taxes when they brought tea to America.
FALSE. Americans paid high taxes on tea when they bought it, while the BEIC didn't pay import taxes at all.
Why did Spain support the Americans in the revolution? What happened as a result?
Spain wanted the British to lose so they could take back Gibraltar and Menorca. They got Menorca back, but not Gibraltar.
True or False: American colonial governments honored their promises to free any slaves who fought for them, while the British returned any slaves who fought for them to slavery.
FALSE. Most American colonies returned enslaved soldiers to slavery, while the British took them away to freedom.
When the war began, Britain was losing the war. What happened that changed the course of the war in favor of Britain?
War between Britain and France (and their allies) broke out in Europe, so France devoted most of its money and resources toward the European war, while Britain devoted its money and resources to America.
Quartering Act
Forced American towns to give British soldiers a place to stay and pay for their food, even during times of peace
Why did the Tea Act ruin American tea businesses?
The BEIC didn't pay import taxes on their tea, so the colonists couldn't compete with their cheap prices
Why did the Iroquois Confederacy mostly support the British? What happened as a result?
Most Iroquois tribes supported the British because they didn't trust the Americans and their expansion into their land. The war divided the Iroquois tribes and resulted in Britain giving away all of their land to the Americans.
What 2 places in Canada and 2 other places did pro-British slaves settle after the war?
Nova Scotia, New Brunswick (Canada), Bahamas, Florida
Numerous Native American groups allied with either the British or the French. Name either 1 British ally or 1 French ally.
British: Iroquois Confederacy, Cherokee
French: Mi'kmaq, Ojibwa, Lenape
Administration of Justice Act
Gave British citizens in America the right to a trial in Britain when they commit a crime; paid American witnesses back for their expenses from traveling to Britain for the trial, but did not pay them back for lost wages
How did the British government help the British East India Company?
They passed the Tea Act, allowing them to sell tea directly to the colonies instead of selling it at auction first
Why did the Dutch support the Americans in the revolution? What happened as a result?
The Dutch had been allies with the British but felt Britain had become too powerful and they themselves wanted power. The war left them bankrupt and even weaker than before.
Why did freed Black slaves end up founding modern Sierra Leone?
They faced a lot of racism, discrimination, and poverty after being freed from slavery by the British, so some of them volunteered to move to Africa, founding Freetown in Sierra Leone.