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Who were the first Native Texans?
A. Spanish explorers
B. Native Americans
C. French settlers
D. English colonists
B. Native Americans
2. What was Beringia, and which two continents did it connect?
A. A river connecting Europe and Asia
B. A land bridge connecting Asia and North America
C. A mountain range connecting North and South America
D. An ocean connecting Africa and North America
B. A land bridge connecting Asia and North America
Why did nomads follow animals across the land bridge?
A. To plant crops along the way
B. To hunt the animals for food
C. To trade pottery with farmers
D. To build permanent villages on the bridge
B. To hunt the animals for food
What is a hunter-gatherer?
A. A person who grows all food on a farm
B. A person who only catches fish for food
C. A person who buys all food from traders
D. A person who hunts animals and gathers wild plants for food
D. A person who hunts animals and gathers wild plants for food
5. After mammoths died out, how did early Texans change what they hunted?
A. They stopped hunting and ate only plants.
B. They began hunting larger kinds of mammoths.
C. They ate only fish from the Gulf of Mexico.
D. They hunted smaller animals, such as bison and deer.
D. They hunted smaller animals, such as bison and deer.
Where did early Texans find natural shelter? Why was nearby fresh water helpful?
A. In ocean caves; salt water provided drinking water.
B. On open plains; fresh water kept all wild animals away.
C. In treetops; fresh water was used only for making tools.
D. In natural cuts in canyons; fresh water provided drinking water.
D. In natural cuts in canyons; fresh water provided drinking water.
Where did the Karankawa live? What food did they get from nearby water?
A. In East Texas forests; they gathered corn from rivers.
B. In West Texas deserts; they caught fish in sand dunes.
C. Along the Gulf Coast; they caught fish.
D. On the South Texas plains; they hunted buffalo in rivers.
C. Along the Gulf Coast; they caught fish.
Where in Texas did the Caddo live? Name the river near them.
A. In West Texas along the Rio Grande
B. In East Texas along the Red River
C. In South Texas along the Nueces River
D. Along the Gulf Coast near the Colorado River
B. In East Texas along the Red River
How did a steady food supply help the Caddo population grow?
A. A dependable food supply made families leave their villages.
B. Growing crops meant the Caddo could feed fewer people.
C. A dependable food supply supported more people.
D. Growing crops forced the Caddo to stop living in groups.
C. A dependable food supply supported more people.
What does the Caddo word Tejas mean? Which state name comes from it?
A. River; Tennessee
B. Mountain; Arizona
C. Home; New Mexico
D. Friend; Texas
D. Friend; Texas
Where did the Jumano live? Name the nearby river and the Texas region.
A. Near the Red River in the Gulf Coastal Plains region
B. Near the Brazos River in the North Central Plains region
C. Near the Canadian River in the Great Plains region
D. Near the Rio Grande in the Mountains and Basins region
D. Near the Rio Grande in the Mountains and Basins region
What were Jumano pueblos like? How did the Jumano make adobe bricks?
A. Small hide tents; bricks made of sand and shells frozen overnight
B. Large apartment-like homes; bricks made of mud and straw dried in the sun
C. Wooden cabins; bricks made of grass and leaves soaked in water
D. Grass-covered huts; bricks made of clay and metal heated over a fire
B. Large apartment-like homes; bricks made of mud and straw dried in the sun
How did Jumano farmers use irrigation to grow crops in dry land?
A. They brought water to their crops through irrigation.
B. They planted crops only in ocean water.
C. They covered crops with dry sand instead of watering them.
D. They moved every field to a wetter region each day.
A. They brought water to their crops through irrigation.
Where did the Lipan Apache live?
A. In the East Texas forests
B. Along the Gulf Coast islands
C. On the South Texas plains
D. In the far western mountains
C. On the South Texas plains
Name three ways the Apache used buffalo besides eating the meat.
A. For pottery, canoes, and irrigation canals
B. For clothing, housing, and weapons
C. For adobe bricks, crops, and jewelry
D. For grass roofs, cornfields, and baskets
B. For clothing, housing, and weapons
Who led Jumano villages? Who led Apache and Comanche bands?
A. Band leaders led Jumano villages; village leaders led Apache and Comanche bands.
B. One Caddo chief led all Jumano, Apache, and Comanche communities.
C. Jumano villages and Apache and Comanche bands had no leaders.
D. Village leaders led Jumano villages; band leaders led Apache and Comanche bands.
D. Village leaders led Jumano villages; band leaders led Apache and Comanche bands.
Near which Texas city is the Ysleta del Sur Pueblo community?
A. Houston
B. El Paso
C. Austin
D. Dallas
B. El Paso
How did Caddo and Jumano farmers use crops they did not need?
A. They threw away all extra crops.
B. They used extra crops only to build homes.
C. They stopped growing crops whenever they had extra food.
D. They traded extra crops with other groups.
D. They traded extra crops with other groups.
How many village chiefs did the Karankawa usually have? What did they do?
A. Usually two chiefs; they made decisions for the group.
B. Usually one chief; the chief only led fishing trips.
C. Usually three chiefs; they built every home in the village.
D. Usually four chiefs; they only traded goods with other groups.
A. Usually two chiefs; they made decisions for the group
What is a confederacy? Which group in the lesson had this type of government?
A. A united group of several tribes; the Caddo Nation
B. A single traveling family; the Karankawa
C. A village ruled by an overseas king; the Jumano
D. A group of farmers without leaders; the Lipan Apache
A. A united group of several tribes; the Caddo Nation
Why did the Karankawa move away from the coast in spring and summer?
A. To escape heavy winter snow
B. To plant corn in ocean water
C. To build permanent adobe pueblos
D. To avoid mosquitoes
D. To avoid mosquitoes
Which Native community lives near Livingston in the Gulf Coastal region?
A. The Kickapoo
B. The Ysleta del Sur Pueblo
C. The Alabama-Coushatta
D. The Caddo
C. The Alabama-Coushatta
How were Caddo and Karankawa ways of life different? Compare their homes and food.
A. The Caddo farmed in permanent villages; the Karankawa used portable wigwams and relied heavily on fishing.
B. The Caddo used portable wigwams and fished; the Karankawa farmed in permanent villages.
C. Both groups lived in permanent adobe pueblos and depended only on farming.
D. Both groups followed buffalo herds and lived only in animal-hide tepees.
A. The Caddo farmed in permanent villages; the Karankawa used portable wigwams and relied heavily on fishing.
How did dugout canoes and easily moved wigwams help the Karankawa live as nomads?
A. Canoes helped them farm, and wigwams stored water for crops.
B. Canoes served as permanent homes, and wigwams were used for fishing.
C. Canoes helped them travel by water, and wigwams could be moved and rebuilt.
D. Canoes carried building stones, and wigwams stayed in one place.
C. Canoes helped them travel by water, and wigwams could be moved and rebuilt.
Name a tribe from each of the four regions:
Coastal Plains =
North Central Plains = Wichita (Raccoon Eyed People)
Great Plains =
Mountains & Basins =
Coastal Plains = Karankawa
North Central Plains = Wichita (Raccoon Eyed People)
Great Plains = Comanche, Apache
Mountains & Basins = Jumano