Geography
The Triangular Trade moved kidnapped and enslaved Africans across this ocean
Atlantic Ocean
Seeking a safe place of refuge where people could escape religious persecution, William Penn was granted a charter in 1681 to create this new colony
Pennsylvania
After leaving England for the Netherlands in 1608 to escape religious persecution, this Separatist group later made their way to North America in 1620 aboard the Mayflower and created Plymouth Colony
The Pilgrims
This plant made English settlements in North America profitable for the first time
Tobacco
Established in Virginia in 1619, it granted some colonists the right to participate in their local government
Virginia House of Burgesses (Virginia Legislature is also acceptable)
While thousands of Native Americans were enslaved in North and South America, they did not make up the majority of the enslaved labor force due to _____________________
Vulnerability to European diseases- the death of millions of Native Americans meant there was not enough of a strong labor force
French explorer Robert de La Salle followed the Mississippi River all the way south to where it flows into this major body of water
Gulf of Mexico
Delaware, New York, Pennsylvania, and this other colony are collectively known as the Middle Colonies
New Jersey
During the early 1690s, those accused of something were considered guilty until proven innocent - this was the case for 25 unfortunate people who were put to death for being accused of witchcraft in what’s now known as these trials
The Salem Witch Trials
Established on May 15, 1607, it would become the first permanent English settlement in North America
Jamestown
This historic document is significant because it represents one of the first attempts in the English colonies at self-government – it was signed by 41 men on November 21, 1620, while aboard the Mayflower
Mayflower Compact
Prior to the 1600s and 1700s, this was the primary way for a person or population to become enslaved
Conquest/capture by another group
In 1620, the Pilgrims made landfall at this landmark, which is located in the present-day state of Massachusetts
Plymouth Rock
In 1647, Peter Stuyvesant, a Dutchman, became the leader of this important colonial settlement that would later be renamed New York
New Amsterdam
The pilgrims survived because the learned how to farm and grow food from ___________.
Bonus: Squanto
In 1732, King George II granted a charter to James Oglethorpe to establish this new colony, which would be located between South Carolina and the Spanish colony of Florida
Georgia
Upon its passing in the Maryland colonial assembly in 1649, it became the first law in the English colonies to support religious tolerance
Toleration Act of 1649
Most Africans who became enslaved were originally captured and sold by __________
Enemy tribes in Africa
This area existed and was settled before the Revolutionary War, but is not considered one of the 13 original colonies because it was under Spanish, not English, rule
Florida
These industries contributed to the diverse economies of the Middle Colonies (name at least three)
Farming (agriculture), Fishing, Trade, Shipbuilding
The rocky soil in New England, combined with the extensive coastline, meant the economy became less dependent on __________ and heavily involved in ___________ and ___________.
Farming; Trade and Shipbuilding
Most of the Southern colonies were founded by companies and trusts, in order to ___________
Make money
Upon founding the colony of Connecticut in 1639, Thomas Hooker put together a set of principles that he felt would ensure Connecticut have a more democratic form of government – this set of principles would become known as this
Fundamental Orders of Connecticut
These three labor intensive crops were known as 'cash crops,' as the high demand for them in Europe made farm owners a great deal of money, leading to many farms growing them and needing huge amounts of labor
Tobacco, sugar, and cotton
The American Continents were FIRST settled by ______________________________________
Tribes moving over the Bering Straight land bridge during the Ice Age
This group, known today as The Society of Friends, championed absolute equality between races, religions, genders, and social classes, came to America for religious freedom (William Penn was one)
Quakers
Puritan leaders founded Massachusetts Bay Colony for religious freedom, but their version of that was so restrictive that two other states, __________ and _________ were founded by people leaving Massachusetts and setting up their own colonies due to how oppressive and controlling the leaders were.
Connecticut and Rhode Island
This system of land grants encouraged European colonizers to bring their family and servants with them, and helped lead to the creation of huge plantation farms in many of the southern colonies
The Headright System
In this religious and spiritual movement swept through the Colonies in the early 1700s, preachers and speakers encouraged personal spiritual responsibility and experiences, and did not discriminate based on race, ethnicity, gender, or social class in their followers
The Great Awakening
This rebellion, sparked when indentured servants weren’t given land and rights that were promised them in their contracts, caused many plantation owners to prefer enslaved Africans for labor, since there were no contracts involved and they could be made to work for their entire lives
Bacon's Rebellion