Colonial Geography
Which two colonial regions generally had shorter growing seasons and more small farms than the Southern Colonies?
New England and the Middle Colonies
Which religious group founded Plymouth after separating from the Church of England?
Separatists(Pilgrims)
What was the name of Virginia's elected representative assembly, established in 1619?
House of Burgesses
Who was the Englishman associated with the founding of the Roanoke colony?
Sir Walter Raleigh
What kind of farming produces enough food mainly for the farmer's own family?
Subsistence farming
Why did the Southern Colonies develop large plantations?
warm climate and long growing season
Which religious group established the Massachusetts Bay Colony in order to build a Puritan community?
Puritans
What was the purpose of the Mayflower Compact?
It established an agreement for the Pilgrims to govern themselves and follow laws made for the good of the colony.
Who was the Powhatan Chief that helped the settlers of Jamestown
Chief Powhatan
What is the difference between an indentured servant and an enslaved person?
An indentured servant worked for a limited period under a contract; enslaved people were treated as property and forced to work without freedom.
How did rivers, harbors, and access to the Atlantic Ocean help the Middle Colonies prosper?
shipping, trade, fishing,
Why did Roger Williams leave Massachusetts Bay and establish Rhode Island?
He believed people should have religious freedom and that government should not force religious beliefs on everyone.
Which document established a system of self-government in Connecticut and is often considered an early written constitution?
Fundamental Orders of Connecticut?
Who was the Dutch governor of New Netherland when the English took control of the colony?
Peter Stuyvesant
What were slave codes designed to do?
They restricted the rights and movements of enslaved people and helped maintain the system of slavery.
A colony has fertile soil, a long growing season, and exports tobacco and rice. Which region is it most likely in?
Southern Colonies
How did William Penn and the Quakers influence Pennsylvania?
They promoted religious tolerance and helped make Pennsylvania a place where different religious groups could live.
How did the House of Burgesses help establish a tradition of representative government?
It allowed colonists to elect representatives to help make decisions about their government.
Who founded Georgia in 1732 and hoped to create a colony for debtors and a buffer against Spanish Florida?
James Oglethorpe
Why did many colonists rely on enslaved African labor, especially on Southern plantations?
Plantation owners sought a large, controlled labor force to grow profitable crops; slavery was enforced through law and violence.
Explain how geography helped create different economies in the three colonial regions.
New England relied more on fishing, shipbuilding, trade, and small farms; the Middle Colonies grew grains and developed trade; the South focused more on plantation cash crops.
How did disagreements over religion in the New England colonies help shape the idea of religious freedom in America?
Some colonists challenged religious control by government leaders, helping spread the idea that people should be free to follow their own beliefs.
Explain how colonial experiences helped lay the foundations for American democracy
Colonists practiced self-government, elected representatives, created written governing agreements, and debated who should have political power.
How did Bacon's Rebellion reveal tensions within Virginia society?
It exposed conflicts over frontier protection, Native American policy, land, and the power of Virginia's wealthy leaders
How did the Great Awakening help encourage challenges to traditional authority?
It encouraged people to question established religious leaders and think for themselves, helping some become more willing to challenge other forms of authority.