Motivations and Regions
The colonies were typically divided in 3 regions, name all three regions?
New England, the Middle Colonies, the Southern Colonies
What continent did the vast majority of enslaved people come from?
Africa
What is the name of the town in Virginia that we watched various videos of about colonial life (Not Jamestown)
Williamsburg
Most colonists had this for a job/lifestyle
Farmer
This class of people had no rights and no freedom
Enslaved people/slaves
What 4 European countries (that we studied) had colonies in North America?
England/Britain, France, Spain, and The Netherlands/The Dutch
What are two names for the journey enslaved Africans were forced to take across the Atlantic Ocean?
The Middle Passage and The Transatlantic Slave Trade
What two jobs could a 10-year-old kid have in the military if he joined it?
Fifer or Drummer
A skilled artisan might have someone working in their shop, learning how to do the job. What was this type of worker's name?
An apprentice
The upper class in the colonies was also known by this particular term that isn't used in modern life
Gentry
What were two of the motivations for European countries to establish colonies in North America?
National pride and fame.
Acquiring new and valuable resources through discovery or trade with Native Americans.
Spreading empire and land for people to use.
Spreading their beliefs and influence.
Rivalries with other European nations
In the John Punch case of 1640, three indentured servants ran away from their master. What was unfair about their punishment when they were caught?
James and Victor, the two white men, were punished by having to work for their master for 1 extra year. John Punch, a black man, was punished by having to work for his master for the rest of his life
What two purposes did fifing and drumming serve in the military?
Entertainment for troops as well as communication for the camp and during battle
Name 3 colonial jobs that were considered part of the skilled artisan type
Answers will vary, teacher will decide
This term "_________ farmers" was used to describe lower class farmers who did not own their own land
Tenant farmers
What were three features of the Colonial Region of New England?
Climate of long, cold winters and moderate summers
Most farms were small, just enough for a family
Lots of industry related to the ocean/water
Fishing, whaling, shipbuilding
Families worked, but also had paid servants, indentured servants and some enslaved people
What were two reasons why companies, wealthy land owners, and others, began focusing more on using enslaved people to do work rather than indentured servants?
Indentured servants only worked for a person or company for a set number of years (usually 7) and then there were done. Enslaved people would have to work for a person or company for their whole lives.
Indentured servants would receive a large payment of money, land, tools, food, and livestock at the end of their contract. Enslaved people were not paid for their work.
What were two of the characteristics of how Indigenous People raised their children in this time period?
Lots of use of oral storytelling to teach lessons about what is good and correcting mistakes
Parents didn’t always teach kids for specific jobs
Kids would grow and decide what profession to pursue
The children get to make some decision about their life
Give the job names to the following descriptions:
1) Makes various kinds of barrels out of wood
2) Makes and repairs wooden wheels
3) Makes and repairs shoes
4) Makes medicine to help people who are ill
1) Cooper
2) Wheelwright
3) Cobbler
4) Apothecary
1) Gentry/upper class
2) Middle class
3) Lower class
4) Enslaved people/slaves
What were three features of the Colonial Region of the Southern Colonies?
Climate of warmer temperatures, good rainfall, and longer growing seasons
Had many cash crops: tobacco, cotton, rice, indigo, etc.
Large plantations for growing these crops
Crops were then shipped to other areas via the harbors
Much of the work was done by indentured servants from Europe and then enslaved people from Africa.
Had a small group of wealthy landowners, and large groups of shopkeepers, small farmers, laborers, etc.
What changed about the status of enslaved mothers’ children in Virginia from the Jamestown rules of 1619 and the Hereditary Law from 1662?
In 1619, the children of enslaved mothers would be free according to the law. In 1662, the children of enslaved mothers would be enslaved according to the law
What were three of the characteristics of how Colonists raised their children in this time period?
No public school, tutors or parents did the educating.
Parents made the decisions about what the child would grow up and do
Girls learned how to manage the household
Boys learned planting/farming
Kids would often learn the job/trade of the parent and become that
- Parent wigmaker = kid will be a wigmaker
Merchant, Professional, Skilled Artisan, Farmer
What three examples of the middle class people/workers did we study
Skilled artisans, farmers who owned their own land, and minor merchants/shopkeepers