Natchez Nation
Which river supported Natchez farming, fishing, and trade?
Mississippi River
Which Indigenous nation revolted against the French in 1729?
The Natchez
Which country received Louisiana from France in 1762?
Spain.
Who was Louisiana’s first Spanish governor?
Antonio de Ulloa.
What was the Code Noir?
A set of French colonial laws that regulated slavery and restricted enslaved people’s lives and freedom.
In Natchez society, who controlled family farms?
Women
What did Commander de Chépart demand that triggered the revolt?
That the Natchez leave White Apple Village so he could establish a plantation, without compensation.
What treaty transferred Louisiana to Spain?
Treaty of Fontainebleau.
What policy angered colonists and helped cause the 1768 revolt?
Trade restrictions that threatened established trade and profits, including illegal trade with British merchants
Name two ways enslaved Africans resisted slavery
Examples: escaping, slowing work, destroying equipment, or maintaining African cultural practices despite efforts to suppress them. Accept two accurate examples.
Name two crops the Natchez grew
Any two: corn, beans, squash, or other crops named in the reading.
Name two issues that created tension before the relocation demand.
Land disputes, trade disputes, French plantation expansion, or repeated violence and retaliation. Accept any two.
Why did France transfer Louisiana to its Spanish ally?
To prevent Great Britain from gaining Louisiana as France faced defeat in the French and Indian War.
What Spanish governing body replaced the French Superior Council?
The Cabildo.
What do the letters in CCER stand for?
Claim, Context, Evidence, Reasoning.
Give two geographic reasons the French wanted to settle near the Natchez.
High, fertile ground; low flood risk; opportunities for trade. Accept any two.
Describe two consequences for the Natchez after French retaliation.
Many were killed, enslaved, or displaced; some sought refuge with other Indigenous nations. Accept any two.
The treaty was signed in 1762. Ulloa arrived in 1766. How many years passed, and what does this show?
Four years. The agreement transferring Louisiana and the arrival of its Spanish governor happened at different times
How did O’Reilly treat ordinary revolt participants differently from its leaders?
He pardoned ordinary participants but severely punished the leaders.
A student writes: “Enslaved people escaped.” Add reasoning explaining why this was resistance.
Example: Escaping challenged enslavers’ control over people’s movement and forced labor.
Why was White Apple Village more than just land the Natchez could easily leave?
It contained their homes and a sacred temple holding the bones of royal ancestors. Leaving threatened their community and spiritual connections.
How did the revolt affect Louisiana’s economy and government?
Tobacco cultivation declined and agricultural settlements were abandoned. The Company of the Indies gave up control, and Louisiana returned to French royal control in 1731.
Put these events in order: O’Reilly arrives; France transfers Louisiana; colonists force Ulloa out; Ulloa arrives.
France transfers Louisiana, 1762 → Ulloa arrives, 1766 → colonists force Ulloa out, 1768 → O’Reilly arrives, 1769.
Explain two ways O’Reilly strengthened Spanish authority.
Examples: His military force discouraged another revolt; the Cabildo enforced Spanish laws; trade reforms increased Spanish supervision of commerce. Students must explain two.
Make a claim answering BOTH parts: How did enslaved Africans resist slavery, and how did the French use laws to control them?
Example: Enslaved Africans resisted through escape and work slowdowns, while the French used the Code Noir to restrict freedom and maintain slavery.