Jamestown
What crop saved Jamestown from ruin and incentivized further colonization?
What is chattel slavery, and how does it differ from other forms of slavery?
a person is captured, born, or sold into permanent servitude and treated as property
True or False: puritans used instruments during worship.
False
Which two ships did the Pilgrims initially hire to take them to America?
What was the name of Blackbeard’s ship that was fitted with 40 cannons?
Queen Anne's Revenge
What was the Starving Time in Jamestown?
A period during the winter of 1609-1610 when food supplies ran low, leading to the death of many settlers.
What is debt bondage?
when a person promises the use of his or her labor, or that of their kin, to obtain a loan
What term describes those who wanted to separate entirely from the Church of England?
Separatists or Pilgrims
True or False: Anne Hutchinson preached a rigorous adherence to biblical law and was expelled from Massachusetts for her beliefs.
False
What major port town did Blackbeard blockade in May 1718?
Charles Town (Charleston, SC)
What was one reason for food shortages in Jamestown?
Strained trade relations with Virginia Indian tribes due to a severe drought.
What is indentured servitude?
when an individual signs a contract for employment over a certain period, but finds themselves under the complete control of another and unable to escape the contract
What didn't puritans like in the Church of England? Name all four that we learned about in class.
What was the outcome of the Pequot War for the Pequot tribe?
The Pequot tribe was nearly destroyed, and survivors were enslaved or dispersed.
Describe the women who were initially accused of being witches in the Salem Witch Trials.
outsiders, Native American, homeless, spinster, not a churchgoer
Who was Pocahontas and how did she help the Jamestown settlers?
Pocahontas was a Native American woman who helped establish trade relations and eased tensions between the Powhatan and the English.
Which category does this fall into?
In the early days of the colonization of North America, Europeans used Native Americans as slaves. Native Americans obtained slaves in wars and sold some of these slaves to colonists so as to avoid enslavement themselves, but also to obtain foreign goods, secure alliances, and enact revenge against others. Although enslavement of Native Americans was outlawed in many colonies as they were considered free peoples with prior rights to the land, colonists found ways to avoid these laws. For example, enslavement was permitted if a Native American was captured in a "just war" because slavery was considered a kinder alternative to execution.
Native Americans were also bound into slavery by being reclassified as Africans or taken to court and sentenced to long servitude.
Chattel slavery
Which settlement tried to establish a middle ground between Catholic and Protestant practices?
Elizabethan Settlement
What was the role of the church in Puritan society?
The church dominated life, with strict rules and severe consequences for those who did not conform.
What were the factors that led to the Salem Witch Trials? Include as many as possible.
Answers may vary
What was the primary reason for the establishment of the Virginia Company?
To establish settlements in the New World and seek profit through trade and resource extraction.
Which category does this fall into?
According to historians Don Jordan and Michael Walsh, indentured servitude was equivalent to white slavery: “The indentured servant system was not designed so much to help migrants get to America or the Caribbean as to provide a cheap and compliant labor force for the cash-crop industry.” As the workers began resisting, "it became necessary to create legal sanctions that included violence and physical restraint” to control them. These white slaves were British convicts (“loitering" and small debts could lead to criminal charges), Irish Catholics, street people, and kidnapped individuals, as well as poor people who had come in search of opportunity ("free willers). Once in the Americas, these whites were treated as chattel, often worked to death, and denied freedom even after their indentures ended.
Indentured servitude
What was the Act of Uniformity?
A law that forced all churches in the Church of England to use the same Book of Common Prayer.
Who was the leader of the Pilgrims who wrote about their experiences?
William Bradford
What contributed to Blackbeard's legendary status, even though he did not kill anyone until his last stand?
His frightening appearance, perceived relationship with the devil, and the threat of what he and his crew could accomplish.