Colonial Settlements
This was the first permanent English settlement in North America, established in 1607.
Jamestown
This crop became vital to the economy of Virginia and was introduced by John Rolfe.
Tobacco
This region of colonies was known for its plantations and cash crops like tobacco, rice, and indigo.
Southern Colonies
These laws, passed by the British government, restricted trade between the colonies and other nations to ensure colonial wealth flowed to England.
The Navigation Acts
This colony was founded by Puritans seeking religious freedom in 1630.
the Massachusetts Bay Colony
These contracts required people to work for a period of years in exchange for passage to the New World.
Indentured servitude contracts
This type of farming, practiced by New England settlers, produced just enough food to support a family.
Subsistence farming
This series of conflicts between Native Americans and settlers in New England ended in a devastating war in 1675.
King Philip’s War
Founded by William Penn, this colony was known for its Quaker population and religious tolerance.
Pennsylvania
Many early colonists sought this, which was the primary reason for founding colonies like Maryland and Pennsylvania.
Religious freedom
This term refers to colonial citizens who were neither rich nor poor and often owned small farms or businesses.
The Middle Class
In 1622, this event saw the Powhatan Confederacy launch a surprise attack on Jamestown, killing a third of the settlers.
Indian Massacre of 1622
This colony was originally founded by the Dutch and called New Amsterdam before becoming an English colony.
New York
This economic system was used by European powers to gain wealth from their colonies, focusing on exporting more than importing.
Mercantilism
This colonial labor system used indentured servants before shifting to enslaved Africans as the main workforce.
Plantation labor
Maryland was established as a haven for this religious group persecuted in England.
Catholics
This colony was founded by James Oglethorpe in 1732 as a haven for debtors.
Georgia
Enslaved Africans were brought to the colonies via this triangular trade route leg across the Atlantic.
The Middle Passage
This term describes crops like tobacco and cotton, which were grown primarily for sale rather than personal use.
Cash crops
This religious revival swept through the American colonies in the 1730s and 1740s, emphasizing personal faith and emotional connection.
The Great Awakening