Colonial Geography & Economy
What was a major reason the New England colonies focused on shipbuilding and fishing rather than agriculture?
Rocky soil and harsh winters
What was one major effect of the Great Awakening?
Growth in new denominations and ideas of equality
What was the purpose of the Proclamation of 1763?
To prevent colonists from settling west of the Appalachian Mountains
What role did Jamestown play in American history?
It was the first successful English settlement in North America
Who were the Pilgrims?
English settlers who sought religious freedom and established Plymouth
Why were the Middle Colonies referred to as the “Breadbasket Colonies”?
They produced large amounts of grain/wheat
What long-term impact did the Great Awakening have on the colonies?
Colonists began to question traditional authority
What impact did the French and Indian War have on British-colonial relations?
It created tension due to British taxes and restrictions
What was the New World?
The Americas as newly encountered by Europeans
What is a missionary in the context of colonization?
A person who spreads religion to new areas
The Southern Colonies’ economy was MOST dependent on:
Cash crops and enslaved labor
Which region was known for having a more diverse population and more religious tolerance?
Middle
Which war caused Britain to go deeply into debt, leading to new taxes on the colonies?
French and Indian War (7 Years War)
What is the Columbian Exchange best known for?
Moving goods, animals, and diseases between the Old and New Worlds
What is slavery as it relates to the colonial period?
A system where people are treated as property and forced to work
How did the geography of the Southern Colonies affect its economy?
It allowed for large-scale plantations and year-round farming
Which region had the least religious diversity and was largely Puritan in culture?
New England
Why did the Proclamation of 1763 anger many colonists?
It prevented them from settling west of the Appalachians
What was the Middle Passage?
A route used to transport enslaved Africans across the Atlantic
Which best describes the Triangular Trade?
A trade route connecting Europe, Africa, and the Americas
Why did plantations develop in the Southern Colonies but not in New England?
The climate and soil were more suitable for large-scale farming in the South
What was a common effect of dissent in the colonies (such as with Roger Williams or Thomas Hooker)?
Formation of new colonies based on religious freedom
What was the Albany Plan of Union?
A plan to unite the colonies under one government
What is mercantilism?
An economic system where colonies exist to benefit the mother country
What is the definition of a “colony”?
A territory controlled by another country