PEOPLE & PLACES
Who was the leader of the Continental Army at Valley Forge?
George Washington.
What season of the year brought great trouble for Washington’s army at Valley Forge?
Winter.
Who had hidden supplies for the army, but lost them when the British raided goods?
Colonists had hidden supplies.
The winter tested the soldiers’ what? (one-word answer from the text)
Loyalty.
Because Washington thought the army was not ready, he did NOT do what?
Attack Philadelphia.
What city had the British occupied that many congressmen wanted Washington to reclaim?
Philadelphia.
The text says the winter was "bitterly cold." Name one way the cold hurt the soldiers’ bodies (hint: feet problem).
Frostbite (legs could turn black; sometimes amputation).
What did Washington do to try to get food to his army (name one action mentioned)?
He built bridges and improved roads so food could reach the army.
What happened to some soldiers because the winter was so hard?
Some soldiers abandoned the army.
What was one direct effect of the British raiding colonists' goods?
The Continental Army had little food; shortages.
Where did Washington take his army to wait out the winter (name the place above the town)?
Valley Forge (a plateau above the town of Valley Forge).
During the hardest three months, what small animals did troops sometimes eat for food?
Squirrels and small animals.
Why did the troops have little food during the winter from December 1777 to February 1778? (Use evidence from the passage.)
Because the British had raided their goods, and hidden supplies were taken.
Name one way Washington showed he cared for his troops (use evidence from the text).
He arranged for a man to send supplies, improved roads and bridges, and had someone train the soldiers.
As a result of better training and supplies by spring, what happened to the army?
Things improved rapidly; the army became stronger and more effective.
How many men shared one wooden hut at Valley Forge?
Twelve men.
Give two diseases mentioned in the passage that killed many men at Valley Forge.
Smallpox, dysentery, typhus.
Besides food, name one clothing item many soldiers lacked.
Boots or uniforms.
Who was put in charge of sending supplies to the soldiers?
A new man was put in charge of sending supplies
The passage says diseases killed as many as how many men?
As many as 2,0002,000 men.
After the Revolutionary War ended, what job did George Washington take because people respected him?
He became the first president of the United States.
How did the temperatures affect the soldiers' sleeping situation (think about blankets and huts)?
They had no blankets in huts; it was often below freezing.
Explain how the stealing of supplies by the British changed what happened that winter (short cause-and-effect).
The British raiding supplies left the Continental Army with fewer supplies than expected, causing hunger and cold injuries.
How did the soldiers’ view of Washington change by spring? Give one piece of evidence from the passage.
They grew to recognize him as a strong, caring leader; evidence: "Washington's men grew to recognize him as a strong, caring leader."
Summarize in one or two sentences why Valley Forge is remembered (use information from the passage).
Valley Forge is remembered for the sacrifices of the Continental Army during a very hard winter and for Washington's strong, caring leadership.