Basics & Patho
What type of cancer accounts for most colorectal cancers?
Adenocarcinoma
What age group has the highest incidence?
Over 50
What early symptoms may indicate colorectal cancer?
Change in bowel habits
What is the gold standard diagnostic test?
Colonoscopy
What surgery results in a permanent colostomy?
Abdominoperineal resection
What benign growth often precedes colorectal cancer?
Polyps
Which IBD increases risk?
Both Crohn's and UC
Which tumor location causes bright red blood?
Left sided tumors
At what age should routine screenings begin?
45
What stoma drains stool in a double barrel colostomy?
Proximal stoma
What is the most common site of metastasis?
Liver
Which diet can affect colorectal cancer risk?
High fat and low fiber diet
Which tumor location causes anemia and dark stools?
Right sided tumors
How often is FOBT and FIT recommended?
Yearly
What nursing diagnosis is common with ostomies?
Impaired skin integrity
How can cancer spread during surgery?
Peritoneal seeding
Which racial group has higher incidence rate?
African American
What causes fatigue in colorectal cancer patients?
Chronic blood loss leading to anemia
What test detects altered DNA in stool?
Stool DNA test
What pain may persist after rectal surgery?
Phantom rectal pains
Why is colorectal cancer often advanced at diagnosis?
Early disease is frequently asymptomatic
What lifestyle habits increase risk?
Obesity, smoking, alcohol use, inactivity
What late symptom indicates bowel obstruction?
Abdominal distention
What imaging test visualizes the colon noninvasively?
CT colonogrphy
What is a key nursing teaching?
Ostomy care and skin protection