Chapter 6 - Organizing & Outlining
These are the three main sections of a speech.
Introduction, body, conclusion
True or False/Explain: when working on a speech, a speaker should always work on the introduction and conclusion first.
False; the introduction and conclusion should be the last speech elements a speaker works on
Communication apprehension is an individual's level of anxiety associated with ___ or ___ communication with other people.
Real & anticipated
A speech's ___ is the precise response a speaker wants from the audience, while a speech's ___ is the core idea and identifies the main points of a speech.
Specific purpose & thesis statement
___ is generating a list of ideas consistent with the goals of your speech.
Brainstorming
Name the elements of an effective conclusion.
Reviews/supports your main points, reinforces your message/topic, effectively brings the speech to a close
According to Mr. Robinson, ___ is typically the most difficult aspect of delivery for speakers to master.
Eye contact
Your written work in this class (specifically outlines) should closely adhere to APA style: what does APA stand for?
American Psychological Association
In a speech outline, main points are often represented with ___, while subpoints are often represented with ___.
Roman numerals & capital letters
Name the elements of an effective introduction.
Grabs the audience's attention, establishes importance of the speech topic, establishes the speaker's credibility, previews the body/main points
Due to its conversational style that balances preparation and spontaneity, speakers often strive for a ___ method of delivery.
Extemporaneous
A speaker using passages from The Diary of Anne Frank in their speech is an example of a speaker using a ___.
Primary source
"To begin, we need to cover the three different types of rocks" is an example of a ___.
Internal preview
In a speech's introduction, it's important for a speaker to set the overall feeling they hope to engender in the audience (aka ___) by using an appropriate emotional disposition throughout the speech (aka ___).
Mood & tone
In Phil Davison's epic campaign speech, he used ___ to emphasize his point when he said we should use knowledge "as a tool" and "as a weapon".
Gestures
Speakers who believe in the ___ (listeners will most likely remember information at the beginning of a speech) will most likely use the ___ to organize their main points.
Primacy effect & strongest point pattern
In her speech about the importance of saving sea turtles, Cara decides to talk about how sea turtles lived fifty years ago, what their habitat looks like today, and what their fate may look like in fifty years, if no action is taken. Cara has organized her speech using the ___ pattern.
Past-present-future
This behavior is Mr. Robinson's #1 pet peeve when it comes to speeches.
When the speaker ends their speech with "that's it," "that's all I have," etc.
When it comes to vocal aspects of a speaker's delivery: ___ is the loudness or softness of a speaker's voice; ___ is how precisely a speaker forms words; ___ is when a speaker stresses certain words or phrases to draw attention; ___ is the highness or lowness of a speaker's voice; ___ is how fast or slow a speaker is speaking; ___ are meaningless words or sounds that interrupt the flow of a speaker's words.
Volume, articulation, emphasis, pitch, rate, nonfluencies/vocal fillers
In his public speaking class, Gus realized that he psychologically linked any kind of speaking with feelings of anxiety and fear, regardless of the situation. To help reduce these feelings, Gus decided to speak as often as he could in class - this scenario is an example of ___.
Systematic desensitization