Measurement Scales
It has the properties of an ordinal scale but intervals between adjacent points on the scales are of equal value. Meaningful categories 0 has no meaning.
What is the Interval Scale?
A study that is done at one point at a time.
What is a cross-sectional study?
A researcher's definition of a variable at the theoretical level.
What is a conceptual definition?
Specify the way numerals/numbers are assigned. Heart of a measurement system.
What are the Rules?
A guarantee that a respondent cannot possibly be linked to a particular response.
What is anonymity?
A commonly used expression for nominal and ordinal measures based on categories.
What are categorical measures?
One of the easiest methods to test for reliability is to simply re-test the sample with the same measurement instrument at a later point in time. You would compare the results to give an indication.
What is the Re-Test Method?
The ability of a test to measure what it is intended to measure. Defined by conceptual and operational definitions.
What is Validity?
Three dimensions: Trust, attractiveness, and expertise.
What is credibility?
A general ethical theory that is based on rules. For example, an episode of Young Sheldon titled A Resident Advisor and the Word Sketchy.
What is the deontological theory?
It shares all the properties of interval scales plus there's an existence of a true zero point. Favorite standard of measure.
What is the Ratio Scale?
Create a set of 5-10 questions that go from easy to difficult and are multiple-choice/ True-or-false. Tally up a composite score and establish a maximum.
What is the Standard Method of Testing Knowledge?
All those things must be kept the same during the investigation to produce a valid, fair test. Things that researchers are aware of and insert into experiments.
What are controlled variables?
This validity deals with the extent in which the variable you are measuring relates with other variables consistent with the theoretically derived hypothesis of that variable.
What is construct validity?
Also known as balancing theories utilitarianism. The good that may come from an action is weighed or balanced against the possible harm. The end may justify the means.
What are the teleological theories?
Measured objects are usually ranked along some dimension such as smallest to largest. Participants rank in order of preference. No specific value between intervals.
What is the Ordinal Scale?
Referred also as the parallel-form Method, this method is identical to the re-test method in all aspects of one of the samples are not the same instruments but rather an alternative form.
What is the Alternative Form Method?
Test/questions that give quantifying data to either prove/disprove a conceptual definition.
What is an operational definition?
Mental representations, images based on direct observations (Such as trees, books, clouds) and agree upon phenomenon (such as income, beauty, and love).
What are concepts?
Stipulates a positive obligation to remove existing harms and to confer benefits.
What is beneficence?
Numerals/symbols used to classify objects or characteristics must be mutually exclusive and exhaustive.
What is the nominal scale?
Identity or similarity of form or structure.
What is Isomorphism?
Factors that cause differences between the experimental group and the control group other than the independent variable. The extraneous variables that are related to the independent variable.
What are confounding variables?
Derived from the phrasing of a question that may arrive at an artificial opinion/answer due to the volunteer being afraid of being shone in a poor light.
What is Social Desirability Bias?
This principle holds that people who are equal in relevant respects should be treated equally. Benefits should be shared with all who are qualified.
What is Justice?