Ch. 9: Uses and Gratifications
U&G research assumes that audience members are _______ participants in the selection and use of media.
Active or passive?
According to the ______ theory, powerful effects result whenever people who do not hold the dominant opinion (whether real or perceived) fear rejection/isolation/alienation ultimately refusing to speak up.
Spiral of Silence
True or False? According to the U.S. Surgeon General, there is NO causal relationship between tobacco advertising and tobacco use among young people.
False
According to a study of global trends with telework, remote employees spend LESS/EQUAL/or MORE time working each week compared to their counterparts who work in an office.
More time working
True/False: Texting while driving is banned in all 50 states in the U.S.
False
A college student using a search engine to find information for a research paper is an example of _______ use of media.
instrumental (specifically goal-oriented and intentional)
_____1_______ is false or misleading information, while _____2______ is false information that is purposefully spread with the intent to deceive people.
1: Misinformation
2: Disinformation
True or False? Some health campaigns can backfire, leading to an increase in the behaviors or attitudes the campaign was designed to lessen.
True
_________ social capital refers to social resources from those we are acquainted with but not close with (weak friendship ties).
Bridging
Bonus question: What is the name of the dog that Professor Pham brings to class?
Simba
Evan believes that Dwayne Johnson (who he has never met or spoke to) is more of a friend than a stranger because he regularly follows him on social media. This is an example of a(n) ____________ interaction.
Parasocial
The Spiral of Silence Theory suggests that people constantly _______ the opinions of others around them
monitor
In 2015, Walt Disney banned _____ in all Disney, Pixar, Marvel, and Lucasfilm movies marketed to youth.
Smoking
_______ social capital would best fit your group of three closest friends whom you interact with on a daily basis (close-knit relationships providing emotional support)
Bonding
The concept that smartphone users are physically present by mentally engaged elsewhere is known as ____________.
Absent presence
U&G research seeks to answer the question: What do _____ do with the ______?
What do PEOPLE do with the MEDIA?
People are more likely to believe news headlines and stories that align with their own political beliefs, while largely ignoring ones that challenge their opinions. This is known as what?
Confirmation bias
A tobacco __________ is a large display of tobacco products, usually places behind retail counters for higher visibility.
Power wall
_______ social capital would best fit with distant friends that you stay connected with on social media despite not being able to see them in person because they live in another state
Maintained
The fear of not having your phone with you is called _____phobia.
Name ONE of the 3 societal-level functions of mass media in society identified by Harold Lasswell (1948).
Surveillance (surveying the environment)
Sensemaking (correlation of environmental parts)
Transmission of social norms and customs
Among the 8 ideal functional goals of mass media in a democracy, there is one for: Scrutinizing the WHO for accountability - watching their actions closely, exposing wrongdoing, and demanding transparency/responsibility.
Government
As of 2023, the FDA requires that warnings be prominently displayed on the top half of the front and back of cigarette packages—and occupy at least ____% of the space at the top of advertisements.
20%
Name ONE of the four universal features that differentiate social media from other forms of communication.
BONUS (no consequence if incorrect, NOT on exam): _______ is the only state without a statewide ban on texting while driving for any age group
Montana