Combined Gas Law
What is the Combined Gas Law?
This law describes the relationship between pressure, volume, and temperature for a fixed amount of gas.
What is moving in continuous, random motion?
Gas particles
What safety warning is commonly found on aerosol spray cans?
Do not expose to high temperatures.
What are the three variables represented in the Combined Gas Law?
Pressure, Volume, and Temperature
What does the average kinetic energy of gas particles depend on?
According to the KMT, the average kinetic energy of gas particles depends on the temperature of the gas. The higher the T, the higher the average motion of particles, and the higher the KE.
Why can an aerosol explode if left in a hot car?
The temperature increases causing the gas particles to move faster and increasing the pressure inside the can.
If temperature increases while pressure remains constant, what happens to volume?
Volume increases
What causes the pressure of a gas to increase when particles move faster?
More frequent and forceful collisions between gas particles and the walls of the container (elastic collisions).
How does the Combined Gas Law apply to hot air balloons?
Heating the air inside the balloon increases particle motion, causing the gas to expand and the balloon to rise.
Why must temperature be converted to Kelvin when solving Combined Gas Law problems?
Because the gas laws are based on absolute temperature, which is measured in Kelvin.
Why can gases be compressed more easily than liquids or solids?
Gas particles are very far apart with lots of empty space between them, so they can be pushed closer together.
Why must scuba divers slowly exhale as they rise to the surface?
Pressure decreases near the surface, causing the air in their lungs to expand.
A gas measures 2.0 L at 100 kPa and 27°C. If the pressure increases to 600 kPa and the temperature increases to 127°C, what is the new volume?
1.33 L
A sealed container of gas is heated. Using the KMT, why does the pressure inside the container increase?
The gas particles gain kinetic energy and move faster, causing more frequent and forceful collisions with the walls of the container, which increases pressure. The particles gain kinetic energy, move faster, and collide more often and with greater force.
How do airbags use the Combined Gas Law during a car accident?
A chemical reaction quickly produces gas, causing rapid changes in pressure, temperature, and volume that inflate the airbag.