Phases of Matter
This phase of matter has definite shape and definite volume.
What is a solid?
When the temperature of a gas increases and pressure stays constant, what happens to its volume?
What is volume increases?
Name the transformation when a toaster converts electrical energy.
What is Electrical → thermal (heat) energy?
Heat transfer through electromagnetic waves.
What is radiation?
Fuel commonly used in nuclear power plants.
What is Uranium?
Energy is removed from a gas causing it to change into a liquid. What phase change is this?
What is condensation?
When the volume of a gas is decreased and temperature stays constant, what happens to pressure?
What is pressure increases?
The law stating energy cannot be created or destroyed.
What is the Law of Conservation of Energy?
Substance with high specific heat warms up (faster/slower?).
What is Slower?
Process where small nuclei combine to form a larger one.
What is fusion?
Adding energy to matter generally causes particle motion to do this.
What is move faster?
If gas particles move faster, what happens to the temperature?
What is temperature increases?
Energy transformation that occurs when a roller coaster drops from the top of a hill.
What is Potential → kinetic energy?
Metal feels colder than wood at the same temperature because it transfers heat more ______.
What is quickly/efficiently?
Unstable atoms that release radiation are described as this.
What is Radioactive?
This change occurs when a solid turns directly into a gas.
What is sublimation?
If temperature decreases while pressure stays constant, what happens to gas volume?
What is volume decreases?
Energy transformation that occurs when a battery powers a flashlight.
What is Chemical → electrical → light (and thermal)?
When warm air rises and cool air sinks, this type of heat transfer is occurring.
What is convection?
Fusion releases more energy per reaction than fission, yet fission is used in power plants. Why isn’t fusion widely used for electricity generation?
Fusion requires extremely high temperature and pressure that are difficult to sustain/control
Name the phase change when a gas turns directly into a solid.
What is deposition?
Why does a balloon shrink when placed in a freezer?
What is Gas particles slow down → volume decreases?
When you stretch a rubber band, energy stored is what type?
What is Elastic potential energy?
A substance requiring more energy to change temperature has higher or lower specific heat?
What is Higher specific Heat?
A nuclear power plant must carefully control the number of free neutrons during fission. Why is this necessary?
To prevent the chain reaction from accelerating uncontrollably / to keep the reaction stable and safe