Interspecific Interactions
Species Diversity
Disturbances
Biogeographic Factors
Hypotheses/Models
100
These interactions occur between populations of different species living together within a community.
Interspecific Interactions
100
Define species diversity.
This is the variety of different kinds of organisms that make up the community.
100
Name one example of a disturbance
Fire, flood, frost, storm, drought, etc.
100
What are the two key factors that contribute to diversity in a community?
Geographic location and size
100
This hypothesis states that a community is an assemblage of closely linked species, locked into association through mandatory biotic interactions,causing a community to function as an integrated unit
Integrated Hypothesis
200
What is competitive exclusion?
2 species with similar needs for the same limited resources cannot coexist in the same place.
200
what are the two components of species diversity?
species richness and relative abundance
200
What does the non equilibrium model state?
Species achieve greater diversity when disturbances are at a moderate level.
200
What region usually has more diversity?
Tropical regions
200
This Hypothesis states that a community is a chance assemblage of species found in the same area simply because they happen to have similar abiotic requirements.
Individualistic Hypothesis
300
The coloring or patterns of a species that makes it difficult for the predator to spot it.
What is camouflage
300
This demonstrates the structure of feeding relationships between individuals. A food chain is the transfer of energy up trophic levels. Plants -> Carnivores
Trophic structure
300
This type of succession occurs when life arises from a virtually lifeless area where soil has not yet formed.
Primary Succession
300
What two physical features of an island affect immigration and extinction rates?
size and distance from the mainland
300
This model demonstrates that a community is a chance assemblage of species found in the same area simply because happen to have similar abiotic requirements
Rivet Model
400
What is it called when one partner benefits without affecting the other?
Commensalism
400
What are food chains, and why do they have limits upon there length?
Food chains are linked together in food webs. In a web, arrows indicate who eats who. To reduce complexity, species are grouped with similar trophic relationships. Limits on food chain are placed because food chains are relatively short because of inefficiency of the transfer of energy along the chain and long food chains are less stable than short ones.
400
This type of succession occurs when a community develops after a disturbance, such as a fire, clears an existing community and leaves the soil intact.
Secondary Succession
400
Who developed the Island Equilibrium Model?
Robert MacArthur and E.O. Wilson
400
This model of community states that majority of the species in a community are not closely associated with one another.
Redundancy Model
500
Define Batesian mimicry and Mullerian mimicry.
Batesian mimicry - a harmless species mimics a harmful model. Mullerian mimicry- two more harmful species resemble each other, and each gain an advantage because of this.
500
what types of species cause large impact?
dominant species, keystone species, and foundation species
500
Explain why small disturbances are beneficial in the long run (and include an example)
Small disturbances prevent extremely damaging, large scale disturbances such as the Yellowstone fire in 1988 that could have been prevented had small fires been allowed to burn.
500
How does area affect diversity in a community?
The larger the geographic area of a community, the greater the number of species
500
Describe the differences between the rivet and redundancy models.
The redundancy model believes in species that are individualistic, while the rivet model believes species can be affected by one another.
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