Called attention to the consequences of unsanitary conditions that resulted in health disparities that shortened the life span of the laboring class in particular
Who is Edwin Chadwick
100
Those behaviors in which one engages with the specific intent to prevent disease, to detect disease in the early stages, or to maximize health within the constraints of disease.
What is health protection
100
Representation of the percentage of deaths resulting from a specific cause relative to deaths from all causes
What is proportionate mortality ratio (PMR)
100
The act of driving or walking through an area and making organized observations
What is WINDSHIELD SURVEY
200
Extends the realm of public health to include organized health efforts at the community level through both government and private efforts
What is community health
200
Law enacted in England in 1601 that held the church parishes responsible for providing relief for the poor
What is the Elizabethan Poor Law
200
"Any combination of health education and related organizational, economic, and environmental supports for behavior of individuals, groups, or communities conducive to health."
What is health promotion
200
Rates of illness vs rates of birth and death
What is morbidity vs mortality
200
Comprised of four components: the identification of the health problem or risk, the affected aggregate or community, the etiological or causal statement, and the evidence or support for the diagnosis
What is community diagnosis
300
Targets populations that have experienced disease or injury and focuses on limitation of disability and rehabilitation
What is tertiary prevention
300
Discovered that immunity to smallpox resulted from inoculation with the cowpox virus
Who is Edward Jenner
300
Theory of intervention based on the assumption that behavior change takes place over time, progressing through a sequence of stages. Each stage is both stable and open to change.
What is the Transtheoretical Model
300
The dependency of the extent of host exposure to an agent, the strength or virulence of the agent, and the host's genetic or immunological susceptibility
What is the epidemiological triangle
300
Area that consists of a central city with more than 50,000 people and includes the associated suburban or adjacent counties, which yields a total metropolitan area with more than 100,000 people
What is metropolitan statistical area
400
Concentrates on specific groups of people and focuses on health promotion and disease prevention, regardless of geographical location.
What is population-focused nursing
400
Nurses who established a district nursing service on the Lower East Side of New York City called the House on Henry Street
Who are Lillian Wald and Mary Brewster
400
Thought process based on the assumption that all behavior is determined by one's behavioral intentions.
What is the Theory of Reasoned Action
400
Focuses on the amount and distribution of health and health problems within a population
What is descriptive epidemiology
400
Used for data collection and population assessment, they subdivide larger communities
What is census tracts
500
The existence of disease in a large proportion of the population
What is pandemic
500
Boston bookseller and publisher who organized the American Statistical Society in 1839 and issued a Census of Boston in 1845, which showed high overall mortality and very high infant and maternal mortality rates.
Who is Lemuel Shattuck
500
The process through which the public receives information regarding possible or actual threats to health.
The proactive process in which individuals participate in behaviors that enable them to react to actual or potential threats to their health.
What are:
Risk communication
and
Risk reduction
500
Investigates the causes of disease by determining why a disease rate is lower in one population group than in another.