Biochemistry
The variable that is changed by the scientist (ex. amount of sunlight on each plant)
What is an independent variable?
This organelle is known as the "powerhouse" of the cell because it produces ATP through cellular respiration
What is the mitochondria?
The cell membrane is made mostly of this type of molecule, which forms a bilayer
What are phospholipids?
This gas is taken in by plants during photosynthesis and released by animals during cellular respiration
What is carbon dioxide?
This phase of the cell cycle is when the cell grows and performs its normal functions before DNA replication begins
What is G1 (Gap 1)?
The property of water where water is attracted to water and is responsible for surface tension.
What is Cohesion?
This organelle is found only in plant cells and is responsible for photosynthesis
What is the chloroplast?
This type of transport moves particles from high to low concentration and does not require energy.
What is passive transport?
This process happens in the chloroplasts and uses sunlight to make glucose.
What is photosynthesis?
In this phase of mitosis, the chromosomes align in the middle of the cell before they split and move to the ends of the cell.
What is metaphase?
This macromolecule's monomer is monosaccharide (simple sugar) and is used for immediate energy. It is found in bread and pasta.
What is Carbohydrates?
This organelle maintains internal turgor pressure in plant cells and stores water, nutrients, and waste products. It is larger in plant cells than animal cells.
What is a vacuole?
When a cell uses energy to move molecules from low to high concentration with the use of energy, it is using this type of transport.
What is active transport?
This molecule is the main energy currency of the cell and is produced during cellular respiration.
What is ATP (adenosine triphosphate)?
During this phase of the cell cycle, the DNA is replicated so that each daughter cell gets a complete set of chromosomes.
What is the S phase (synthesis phase)?
This is the term for the changing of shape of the enzyme due to a change in temperature or pH.
What is denature?
What is the organelle that is involved in building proteins and functions as the "UPS of the cell" and packages the proteins for transport?
What is the golgi body/apparatus?
Osmosis is the movement of this molecule across the cell membrane.
What is water?
This type of respiration occurs when oxygen is not available and produces less ATP than cellular respiration
What is anaerobic respiration/fermentation?
This is the base-pairing rules for DNA.
What is A-T; G-C?
Two students are given a list of characteristics for a certain organism: "single-celled, has a cell wall but no nucleus."
Student 1 classifies the organism as a prokaryote, and Student 2 classifies it as a eukaryote. Which student correctly classifies the organism and why?
Who is student 1 because all prokaryotes are unicellular and they do not have a nucleus?
A scientist notices that a patient's white blood cells are unable to effectively digest invading bacteria. Microscopy reveals that vesicles containing engulfed bacteria are not breaking down properly. Which organelle is most likely malfunctioning?
What is a lysosome?
If a cell is placed in a hypotonic solution, what will happen to the cell, and why?
What is the cell will lyse because water enters the cell due to a lower concentration of solutes outside?
In photosynthesis, the light-dependent reactions occur in this part of the chloroplast, where sunlight is absorbed and ATP is produced.
What is the thylakoid?
This type of bond connects complementary nitrogenous bases in the double helix structure of DNA and is the type of bond that is important for water properites.
What is a hydrogen bond?