Central Idea MANIA (ELA.5.R.2.2)
"The rise of urban gardening has transformed how people access fresh produce. In cities worldwide, rooftops and vacant lots are becoming green spaces. These gardens not only provide food but also improve air quality and build community."
What is the central idea of the passage?
A. Rooftop gardens are difficult to maintain.
B. Urban gardening improves city living.
C. Most food is grown in rural areas.
D. Vacant lots should be used for buildings.
A. Animals travel to warmer places in winter
B. Some animals store food to share with others
C. Hibernation helps animals survive the winter
D. Animals enjoy sleeping during the winter
B. Urban gardening improves city living.
"First, gather all your ingredients. Next, mix them in a large bowl. Then, pour the mixture into a baking pan. Finally, bake it for 30 minutes."
What text structure is used?
A. Cause and effect
B. Chronological order
C. Compare and contrast
D. Problem and solution
B. Chronological order
Which of the following is a primary source?
A. A biography of Rosa Parks
B. A textbook on American history
C. A letter written by Rosa Parks
D. A documentary about civil rights
C. A letter written by Rosa Parks
"Despite his initial reluctance, Mark eventually agreed to try sushi with his friends."
What does reluctance most likely mean?
A. Excitement
B. Hunger
C. Unwillingness
D. Happiness
C. Unwillingness
"After weeks of preparation, the team finally launched the model rocket. It soared into the sky, leaving a trail of smoke behind."
What is the text structure?
A. Cause and effect
B. Chronological order
C. Problem and solution
D. Compare and contrast
B. Chronological order
"Electric cars are gaining popularity. Unlike traditional vehicles, they produce no tailpipe emissions. Although they require charging, many drivers prefer them for their environmental benefits."
What is the best summary of this passage?
A. Electric cars are fun to drive.
B. Many people dislike charging electric cars.
C. Electric cars are eco-friendly alternatives to traditional cars.
D. Gas-powered cars are faster.
C. Electric cars are eco-friendly alternatives to traditional cars.
"Whales and dolphins are both intelligent marine mammals. However, dolphins are generally smaller and more social, while whales are often larger and may live more solitary lives."
Which text structure is used?
A. Description
B. Problem and solution
C. Compare and contrast
D. Chronological order
C. Compare and contrast
"Samantha read an article that analyzed George Washington’s speeches. It explained what historians believed his words meant and how they influenced future presidents."
Is this article a primary or secondary source?
A. Primary
B. Secondary
B. Secondary
"The ancient ruins were a testament to the civilization’s ingenuity and ability to adapt to harsh environments."
What does ingenuity most likely mean?
A. Laziness
B. Creativity
C. Fragility
D. Wealth
B. Creativity
What is the central idea of the following passage?
"Due to the drought, the river levels dropped drastically. Fish populations declined, and farmers struggled to water their crops."
A. Droughts can lead to water shortages and environmental problems.
B. Rivers are beautiful natural landmarks.
C. Fish live in rivers.
D. Farmers don't like rain.
A. Droughts can lead to water shortages and environmental problems.
"Recycling helps reduce the amount of waste in landfills and saves energy. By turning old materials into new products, recycling cuts down the need for raw materials like trees and metals."
What is the central idea of the passage?
A. Landfills are running out of space.
B. Recycling protects natural resources and reduces waste.
C. Metals are the most valuable recycled items.
D. Trees are often cut down for paper.
B. Recycling protects natural resources and reduces waste.
"Airplanes and helicopters both allow people to travel through the air. However, airplanes have fixed wings and require runways to take off, while helicopters can take off vertically."
What structure is used?
A. Problem and solution
B. Compare and contrast
C. Chronological
D. Description
B. Compare and contrast
Which of the following is a secondary source?
A. A soldier’s diary from World War II
B. A photo taken during the Great Depression
C. A modern podcast discussing the Boston Tea Party
D. The original Declaration of Independence
C. A modern podcast discussing the Boston Tea Party
"The scientist was fascinated by the phenomenon of bioluminescence—when living creatures like jellyfish produce their own light."
What does phenomenon most likely mean?
A. A common object
B. An unusual event or fact
C. A dangerous animal
D. A small particle
B. An unusual event or fact
"‘I don’t want to go,’ I whispered, staring at the creepy old mansion. But my friends were already halfway up the porch steps."
What point of view is this?
A. Second-person
B. Third-person limited
C. First-person
D. Third-person omniscient
C. First-person
"Many animals use camouflage to survive in the wild. Their colors and patterns help them blend into their surroundings, making it harder for predators to spot them."
What is the main idea?
A. Animals have different kinds of fur.
B. Predators are dangerous to animals.
C. Camouflage helps animals avoid predators.
D. Wild animals live in forests.
C. Camouflage helps animals avoid predators.
"To make a kite, begin by forming a cross with two sticks. Tie them together and stretch paper over the frame. Then attach a tail and string before flying it."
Which text structure is used?
A. Cause and effect
B. Description
C. Sequence
D. Compare and contrast
C. Sequence
"Jake interviewed his grandmother about growing up during the 1960s and recorded their conversation."
What type of source is the recorded interview?
A. Secondary
B. Tertiary
C. Primary
D. Fictional
C. Primary
"After reading the directions carefully, Nora proceeded to assemble the robot."
What does proceeded most likely mean?
A. Gave up
B. Delayed
C. Moved forward
D. Rewrote
C. Moved forward
Which word means the same as “abundant” based on this sentence?
"The rainforest had abundant rainfall, supporting countless plant and animal species."
A. Little
B. Unusual
C. Rare
D. Plenty
D. Plenty
"Solar panels are becoming more common as people search for cleaner energy sources. These panels use sunlight to create electricity, reducing the need for fossil fuels and cutting pollution."
What is the best summary of the passage?
A. Solar panels can be placed on roofs.
B. Fossil fuels are a major source of pollution.
C. People are using solar energy to help the environment.
D. Sunlight is strong in some regions.
C. People are using solar energy to help the environment.
"The invention of the internet changed how people communicate. Before its creation, letters and phone calls were common. Now, emails and instant messages are used daily."
What is the text structure?
A. Problem and solution
B. Description
C. Compare and contrast
D. Chronological
C. Compare and contrast
Which pair shows primary and secondary sources correctly?
A. Novel about the Dust Bowl / Newspaper from 1935
B. Diary from 1849 / Encyclopedia entry about the Gold Rush
C. History textbook / Painting made in 1776
D. Poem written in 2020 / Website summary of a myth
B. Diary from 1849 / Encyclopedia entry about the Gold Rush
"With a mischievous grin, Liam swapped his friend’s regular jelly beans for the spicy kind."
What does mischievous most likely mean?
A. Sad and lonely
B. Playfully naughty
C. Extremely tired
D. Very curious
B. Playfully naughty
"Because of her dedication and training, Mya was selected for the state championship swim team."
What is the effect in this sentence?
A. Mya trained hard
B. Mya swam every day
C. Mya was selected for the team
D. Mya enjoyed swimming
C. Mya was selected for the team