Digestive system
This enzyme in saliva begins the breakdown of carbohydrates.
What is amylase?
These small air sacs in the lungs are the primary site of gas exchange.
What are alveoli?
These bean-shaped organs filter blood to produce urine.
What are the kidneys?
This chamber of the heart receives oxygenated blood from the lungs.
What is the left atrium?
This gland, often called the "master gland," controls many other endocrine glands.
What is the pituitary gland?
This sphincter prevents stomach contents from entering the esophagus.
What is the lower esophageal (or cardiac) sphincter?
This muscle contracts to increase the volume of the thoracic cavity during inhalation.
What is the diaphragm?
This hormone regulates water reabsorption in the kidneys.
What is antidiuretic hormone (ADH) or vasopressin?
These blood vessels carry blood away from the heart.
What are arteries?
These two hormones work antagonistically to regulate blood glucose levels.
What are insulin and glucagon?
This organ produces bile and stores glycogen.
What is the liver?
This structure in the throat serves as a flap to prevent food from entering the trachea.
What is the epiglottis?
This tube carries urine from the kidney to the bladder.
What is the ureter?
This valve prevents backflow of blood between the left ventricle and aorta.
What is the aortic valve?
This gland produces melatonin and is sometimes called the "third eye."
What is the pineal gland?
These finger-like projections in the small intestine increase surface area for absorption.
What are villi?
This term describes the volume of air that remains in the lungs after a normal exhalation.
What is functional residual capacity?
This muscular ring controls urine release from the bladder.
What is the urethral sphincter?
This protein in red blood cells carries oxygen.
What is hemoglobin?
These glands sit atop the kidneys and produce cortisol and aldosterone.
What are the adrenal glands?
This muscular contraction moves food through the digestive tract.
What is peristalsis?
This respiratory center in the brainstem regulates breathing rate.
What is the medulla oblongata?
This process describes the formation of urine from blood filtrate.
What is tubular reabsorption and secretion?
This hormone increases heart rate and blood pressure.
What is norepinephrine?
This hormone stimulates milk production in mammary glands.
What is prolactin?