Trauma
The meninges are separated into 3 layers what are those layers?
Dura mater
Arachnoid Mater
Pia Mater
Electrical pathway in the heart
SA node, Internodal pathways, AV node, Bundle of His, Left and Right bundle branches, Left posterior and anterior fascicle, purkinje fibers.
You are listening to a patient's lung sounds. You hear Bronchial breath sounds and Vesicular breath sounds What does this mean?
The patient has normal sounding lungs.
Vesicular breath sounds: Normal breath sounds made by air moving in and out of the alveoli
Bronchial breath sounds: Normal breath sounds made by air moving through the bronchi
You have a pregnant 26F CC n/v x4days. On arrival you note continued coughing and hematemesis. Pt expresses tearing sub-sternal pain. You should suspect what?
Mallory-weiss tear
You respond to a 26F victim of a MVA. She reports severe lower abdominal pain, she is hypotensive with a weak rapid pulse. during assessment pt s/t she is 26 weeks pregnant. What is the likely cause of mother's pain?
Abruptio Placentae
What nerve innervates the diaphragm? Where does it originate?
Phrenic Nerve and C3, 4, and 5
Which chamber of the heart has the thickest walls?
Left ventricle
Intrapulmonary shunting is what? and what does it lead to?
It is the bypassing of blood past nonfunctional alveoli leading to O2 poor blood entering the left side of the heart.
Hypoxemia. (low o2 in the blood vs hypoxia which is low o2 in the tissues)
You arrive to a 87F CC AMS. Family states that the patient lives alone. Family states the patient has a PMH of Diabetes (type 2), signs of dementia, HTN, and Hyperlipidemia. Physical exam of the patient finds: Normal respiration pattern, High blood sugar, and Hot dry skin. What is the most likely cause?
HHNS
You are dispatched to an unkempt house for precipitous birth. On arrival you notice paraphernalia around mother. Baby is delivered and you are directed to care for the newborn. Care should include consideration for what?
Ventilatory support and resuscitation.
the 2 fluids that are in the eye are what?
Vitreous Humor and Aqueous Humor
What are the Signs that you expect from a patient that suffering from CHF.
Orthopnera, Chest discomfort, HTN, Dependant edema, rales in the lungs.
You arrive to Park Rose for an 89F SOB. Staff states the patient has had sudden onset SOB and is a vent dependent patient with a incomplete tracheostomy. You should suspect?
Obstruction/mucus plug
DOPE (Displacement, Obstruction, Pneumothorax, Equipment failure)
The two chemicals responsible for allergic reactions are?
Histamines and Leukotrienes
You arrive to a 3M that was struck by a car. Your physical exam has no significant findings, the patient was slightly elevated HR and slightly increased respiratory effort. What should you suspect?
Compensated shock
A 40M has several pieces of metal imbedded into his torso from a propane tank exploding. What mechanism from the blast caused the impaled objects?
Secondary blast injuries: Damage to the body results from being struck by flying debris which have been set in motion by the explosion
Stimulus of which part of the autonomic nervous system increases heart rate?
Sympathetic
You patient is suffering from Fever, unilateral coarse crackles, SOB, chills, chest pain, green/red rust sputum, decreased skin turgor. What respiratory condition is most likely?
Pneumonia
You are assessing a 54M who contacted EMS for painful priapism. Pt states he has had flu like symptoms worsening over the last few days. Pt is afebrile with bilateral flank pain. What is the most likely cause for his symptoms.
Sickle Cell Crisis
You arrive to a 28F CC ALOC. On arrival husband informs you that the pt is pregnant at 36 weeks, was feeling dizzy when she laid down supine and is now hypotensive and semi-responsive. Your first action should be?
Roll mother onto here left side.
You arrive to an unresponsive 10F at a sporting event. upon assessment you find the pt to be pulseless and apneic. what condition should you suspect?
Commotio Cortis
You have a 56M with a history of cardiac arrhythmia his medication list includes Metoprolol, Nitroglycerin, ASA, and Eliquis. His wife stated that he had no complaints prior to suddenly going unresponsive. You should suspect.
CVA
A cyclical pattern of abnormal breathing that increases and then decreases in rate and depth, followed by a period of apnea. Often seen with stroke patients or patients with serious head injuries. Defines what?
Cheyne-stokes respirations
You arrive to US Oil for a 19M CC SOB. Pt states that while he was working he suddenly smelled rotten eggs. Pt was then violently ill with n/v and developed SOB when they contacted EMS. During assessment the patients vital sings are: HR 110 BP 80/40 O2 92%. After gaining Vitals the pt begins to convulse. What is the most likely exposure?
Hydrogen Sulfide
You arrive to a 24F abdominal pain. The patient is complaining of 6/10 abdominal pain, low grade fever, and vaginal discharge. What is the most likely cause?
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease