Topic 2 Data
This is the smallest unit of data in a computer, represented as a 0 or 1.
What is a bit?
This component is known as the "brain" of the computer and carries out instructions.
What is the CPU (Central Processing Unit)?
This type of network covers a small geographical area, such as a home or school.
What is a LAN (Local Area Network)?
This law, introduced in 1998, protects personal data from being misused or shared without consent.
What is the Data Protection Act?
Breaking a problem into smaller, more manageable parts is known as this.
What is decomposition?
This number system, used in computing, is also known as "base 16" and includes digits 0-9 and letters A-F.
What is hexadecimal?
This type of storage has no moving parts and is faster than traditional hard drives.
What is an SSD (Solid State Drive)?
This device is used to connect different networks together, directing data between them.
What is a router?
The debate over whether AI should make life-or-death decisions, such as in self-driving cars, is an example of this type of issue.
What is an ethical issue?
A whole number in programming is stored using this data type.
What is an integer?
This 7-bit character encoding system can represent 128 characters, including letters, numbers, and basic symbols.
What is ASCII?
This type of memory is volatile and temporarily stores data that is actively in use.
What is RAM (Random Access Memory)?
This protocol is responsible for breaking data into packets and reassembling them at the destination.
What is TCP (Transmission Control Protocol)?
Discarded electronic devices, often containing toxic materials, contribute to this growing environmental problem.
What is e-waste?
This type of search algorithm repeatedly divides a sorted list in half until the target value is found.
What is a binary search?
This type of image file format stores individual pixel data and does not use compression, unlike JPEG.
What is a bitmap (BMP)?
This type of CPU architecture follows the Fetch-Decode-Execute cycle and is named after a famous mathematician.
What is the Von Neumann architecture?
This type of cyberattack attempts to overwhelm a server by flooding it with excessive requests.
What is a DDoS (Distributed Denial of Service) attack?
This type of software is designed to track user activity and collect data without their knowledge.
What is spyware?
This type of subroutine returns a value and can be reused multiple times in a program.
What is a function?
In an 8-bit binary system, this is the result of adding 11011011₂ and 00101101₂.
What is 100010000₂?
Unlike general-purpose computers, this type of system is dedicated to a specific function and is commonly found in washing machines and traffic lights.
What is an embedded system?
In this type of network topology, all devices are connected to a central node, and if the central node fails, the entire network goes down.
What is a star topology?
This act makes it illegal to copy, share, or download copyrighted material without permission.
What is the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act?
This type of programming error occurs when the program runs but produces incorrect or unexpected results.
What is a logic error?