Variables
I am interested in how viewing political ads affects voting behavior.
Which is the independent variable
Viewing a political ad
A characteristic or property that can take on more than one value is called a ______
variable
What are the two levels of measurement?
Ordered
Nominal
What is a hypothesis?
A declarative statement that makes a prediction about reality
If you have the same weight on a scale after trying it three times then the scale is ________?
Reliable
The two variables are often referred to as predictor and outcome variables. Which is which?
IV=predictor
DV=outcome
The _______ definition defines your construct in the paper.
Conceptual
Which level of measurement arranges variables into categories?
Nominal
When do you ask a research question?
When there is not enough prior research to make a specific prediction
Can you have a sample with high reliability and low validity?
No
Suppose we want to investigate whether freshman, sophomore, juniors, or seniors in college have more school pride. In this study, our independent variable would be __________________?
School Class
This process helps you define how you will measure your variables
Operationalization
What level of measurement is this?
Cold 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Warm
Ordered
If a researcher is using research from another organization, professor, or lab to write their paper, what type of research are they conducting?
Secondary Research
Ideally, your measurement tools are?
Valid and Reliable
I believe that sadness is correlated with increased media usage. What is my proposed independent variable?
Sadness
Operationalize social media posting
How often do you post on social media (time)
How many social media posts do you make in a day/week/month/year?
What are the four qualities that ordered responses should possess?
Mutually Exclusive, Equivalent, Exhaustive, Balanced
What is a potential research question to the following hypothesis?
As politics become more polarized, interactions between out-party members on college campuses will lessen.
How does polarization affect college students?
Is this proper APA citation?
Hall, J. A., & Sereno, K. (2010).Offensive jokes: How do they impact long-term relationships? Humor, 23(3),351-373.
Yes
Independent variable is to cause as ______ variable is to _______
dependent variable is to effect
What is social scientific research?
Studying something in a planned manner and reporting it so that other inquirers can potentially replicate the process if they choose.
Which levels of measurement can use numbers to describe variables, yet the numbers don't provide any real statistical value?
Nominal
Name and define 3 of the 5 types of reasoning shortcuts we discussed in this class.
Hasty Conclusion: Making a judgment based on just a few examples
Knowing by Authority: Trusting an authority figure’s conclusion without question…even when the authority isn’t relevant
Knowing by Tradition: Believing or doing something because it has always been that way
Knowing by Group Identity: Interpreting the world in a way that makes sense to your group loyalties
Confirmation Bias: Seeking out information that supports & avoiding information that contradicts previously held beliefs
What is a confound variable AND what is a control variable?
A confound is anything else that may explain the relationship between the IV and the DV.
A control is a variable that the researchers hold constant in order to stop it from affecting the IV and DV.