Judicial Review
This landmark case established judicial review.
What is Marbury v. Madison?
Case defining Congress’ commerce authority into channels, instrumentalities, and substantial effects.
What is US v. Lopez?
Case establishing revenue purpose is enough — even if regulation is affected.
What is US v. Kahriger?
Test: burdens on ISC cannot outweigh local benefits.
What is the Pike balancing test?
Seizure of steel mills exceeded presidential power — creates 3-zone framework.
What is Youngstown Sheet & Tube v. Sawyer?
This case held SCOTUS can review state court decisions on federal issues.
What is Martin v. Hunter’s Lessee?
Case allowing Congress to regulate private racial discrimination in hotels due to burden on interstate travel.
What is Heart of Atlanta Motel v. United States?
This case established conditions on federal funds must be unambiguous and not coercive.
What is South Dakota v. Dole?
Case establishing the market-participant exception.
What is Hughes v. Alexandria?
Case where President cannot claim absolute privilege in a criminal subpoena.
What is US v. Nixon?
Case holding states cannot refuse to follow SCOTUS decisions.
What is Cooper v. Aaron?
This case allows Congress to regulate homegrown wheat because of aggregate effects.
What is Wickard v. Filburn?
“Disguised penalty” struck down — child labor regulation.
What is Bailey v. Drexel Furniture?
This state banned out-of-state waste → unconstitutional “economic protectionism.”
What is City of Philadelphia v. New Jersey?
upheld the independent counsel provisions of the Ethics in Government Act, holding that the independent counsel was an inferior officer whose appointment and limited removal protection did not violate separation of powers. Because the counsel’s duties were limited in scope and duration, and because the Attorney General appointed the position and could also remove the counsel for good cause, the statute did not impermissibly restrict presidential authority. The Court also held that the Appointments Clause allows Congress to vest the appointment of inferior officers in the courts, and that the judges could receive the report and act on it.
What is Morrison v. Olson?
This case was dismissed for lack of a true dispute and reinforced the “no advisory opinions” rule.
What is Muskrat v. United States?
Case where gender-motivated violence was ruled non-economic → statute unconstitutional.
What is US v. Morrison?
Expansion of Medicaid coercive → unconstitutional.
What is NFIB v. Sebelius?
The milk-pasteurizing radius law was discriminatory and invalid.
What is Dean Milk v. City of Madison?
Case granting absolute immunity for official acts, but not unofficial ones.
What is Nixon v. Fitzgerald?
This case confirmed Congress can strip SCOTUS appellate jurisdiction.
What is Ex Parte McCardle?
Case where regulation of inactivity exceeded commerce clause power.
What is NFIB v. Sebelius?
Case striking down a federal agricultural regulation program as coercive under Tenth Amendment.
What is US v. Butler?
Train-length restrictions invalid: excessive burden on ISC, minimal safety gain.
What is Southern Pacific v. Arizona?
Case confirming presumptive immunity for official acts, none for unofficial/campaign acts.
What is Trump v. United States?