vocab
vocab
objectives
objectives
100
differentiation
a process that creates special structures and functions
100
sister chromatids
two identical chromatids
100
order of events from egg and sperm to embryo
interphase --> mitosis eventually differentiation happens
100
ALL Phases of cells cycle
interphase
mitosis (prophase, metatpase,ananphase,telophase, cytokenesis.)
200
stem cells
undifferentiated cells the can become differentiated into one or more types of specialized cells
200
centromere
region of the condensed chromosome that looks pinched
200
explain the difference between specialized cells and stem cells
specialized have specific function
stem can be any cell we need it to be
200
How do cells know when to divide (ex. of internal and external regulation)
when they get a signal (DNA signals and hormone signals
300
cell cycle
repeated pattern of growth, DNA duplicates and cell division that occurs in eukaryotic cells
300
telomere
ends of DNA molecule
300
level of organization that result from differentiation
cell --> tissue --> organ --> organ system --> organism
300
key roles of checkpoint and apoptosis in regulation of cell cycle
checkpoints- "stop and go" signal regulate cycle and prevents errors
apoptosis- programmed cell death (destroys dammaged cells)
400
chromosome
one long continuous thread of DNA the consist of thousands on genes and regulatory information
400
cancer
metasize
uncontrolled cell division
spreading of disease from organ to another
400
the two main purpose for cell division
growth and repair
400
define tumor and the difference between benign and malignant
tumor- clumps of cells that divide uncontrollably
benign- remain clustered together and is easily removed
malignant- break away and spread to other pats pf the body
500
gene
section of DNA with instructions for making a protein
500
carcinogens
cancer causing agents
500
a homologous chromosome pair before and after S phase
it is critical so that when the cell divides each daughter cell has a complete set of chromosomes
500
Causes of cancer
skin type, age, diet, viruses, lifestyle choices