Immune System Basics
This type of immunity is present at birth and provides the first line of defense.
Answer: What is innate immunity
HIV primarily attacks this type of immune cell.
Answer: What are CD4 T‑cells
RA primarily affects these body structures.
Answer: What are joints
This classic rash appears across the cheeks and nose.
Answer: What is the butterfly rash
These medications suppress the immune system to reduce inflammation.
Answer: What are immunosuppressants
These white blood cells are the “soldiers” of the immune system.
Answer: What are lymphocytes
300
This is the main treatment used to control HIV.
Answer: What is antiretroviral therapy (ART)
Morning stiffness lasting longer than this time is a hallmark of RA.
Answer: What is 1 hour
Sun exposure can trigger this in lupus patients.
Answer: What is a flare
Patients taking steroids long‑term are at risk for this bone‑related condition.
Answer: What is osteoporosis
This type of immunity develops after exposure to an antigen or vaccination.
Answer: What is adaptive immunity
A CD4 count below this number indicates AIDS.
Answer: What is 200
This class of medications slows the progression of RA.
Answer: What are DMARDs
Lupus commonly affects this major organ system, leading to protein in the urine.
Answer: What are the kidneys
Patients on methotrexate must avoid this substance due to liver toxicity risk.
Answer: What is alcohol
These proteins help the immune system recognize and destroy foreign invaders.
Answer: What are antibodies
This common fungal infection appears in the mouth of immunocompromised patients.
Answer: What is oral thrush (Candida)
RA is what type of immune disorder.
Answer: What is autoimmune
This type of medication is often used to reduce inflammation in lupus.
Answer: What are corticosteroids
Patients on immunosuppressants should avoid these types of vaccines.
Answer: What are live vaccines
This process occurs when the immune system mistakenly attacks the body’s own tissues.
Answer: What is autoimmunity
Name one way HIV can be transmitted?
Answer: What are ways to transmit HIV? blood, sexual contact, perinatal
Name two non‑pharmacologic interventions for RA pain.
Answer: Heat, cold, rest, gentle exercise, splints
Name one lab test used to diagnose or monitor lupus.
Answer: ANA, anti‑dsDNA, CBC, urinalysis
Name one teaching point for a patient with HIV starting ART.
Answer: Take meds daily, don’t skip doses, use reminders, follow up for labs