Periodic Trends and Electrons
Why are He, Ne, Ar, Kr, Xe non reactive?
They are noble gases, so they have a full valence shell- 8 electrons
What is the difference between covalent and ionic bonds
*Include electrons
* Include naming rules and why
Ionic bonds are do do elements gaining or losing electrons while Covalent bonds share electrons.
When naming ionic molecules you do not include prefixes due to the charges telling us how many there is
In covalent bonds you have prefixes to tell us how many of each molecules we have
Write out the equation:
Zinc reacts with Hydrogen Chloride to yield Zinc (II) Chloride and Hydrogen
Zn +HCL -->ZnCL2 +H2
How many moles are in 3.7 g of Copper?
0.057 mol Cu
12.85 grams of Barium nitrate is added to 2000mL of solution. Find the molarity of the solution.
0.024 M
Why Boron, Aluminum, Gallium not very reactive?
Due to having to 3 valence electrons- It is less reactive.
Write the formula for the following molecules
*Iron (IV) Oxide
*Trinitrogen Pentafluorine
* Litium Sulfide
FeO2
N3F5
Li2S
Write and balance the equation:
Aluminum Hydroxide and Hydrogen Chloride yields aluminum Chloride and water
Al(OH)3+3HCl --> AlCL3 +3H2O
For the reaction:
____Al +____O2—-> ____Al2O3
How many moles of Aluminum oxide will be formed from 17 moles of Aluminum reacting?
8.5 mol Al2O3
How many grams of Magnesium Hydroxide is required in 487 mL of solution to make a concentration of 8.9 M
248 gram of Mg(OH)2
Why are Lithium, Sodium, Potassium, Rubidium, Cesium and Francium so reactive?
They only have one valence electron they need to lose in order to reach a full valence shell.
Write the Formulas for the following
Sodium Phosphate
Calcium Sulfate
Iron (III) Carbonate
Na3PO4
CaSO4
Fe2(CO3)3
Predict the products and balance the equation:
Solutions of silver (I) nitrate and ammonium phosphate are mixed
3AgNO3 +(NH4)3PO4 --> Ag3PO4+3NH4NO3
Sulfuric acid + lithium hydroxide
Write the equation and balance.
How many grams of lithium hydroxide is required to neutralize 17.89 g of sulfuric acid?
H2SO4+ 2LiOH --> 2H2O+Li2SO4
8.746 g LiOH
H2CO3 +2LiOH --> 2H2O +Li2CO3
If you have 54.3 mL H2CO3 and 24.52 grams of LiOH (mm=23.9g/mole)
What is the concentration of H2CO3?
9.45 M
Given the information of reactivity:
*Boron produced 3-4 bubbles in reaction
*Nitrogen produce a steady fizz reaction
*Gallium produce no reaction
* Antimony has one bubble and then stops
What is the trend going down the periodic table-in order to gain the points you need to support you answer
The reactivity of the the elements decrease as you go down the table- Boron is more reactive then Gallium
What is the reaction type:
Wood Burns to from Water and Carbon Dioxide
Combustion
Predict the product, Balance and write the states of matter.
BaI2+ Cu2SO4 →
BaI2 (aq)+ Cu2SO4 (aq) → BaSO4(s)+2CuI
Phosphorus and Oxygen gas produced solid tetraphosphorus Decoxide.
Phosphorus is not diatomic (Treat it as P)
1. Write out the equation and balance
2. Figure out which reactant is limited if you start with 25g of Phosphorus and 50 g of oxygen. You need to support with numbers
4P+O2-->P4O2
Phosphorus is the limiting reactant only 0.20 mol produced vs 1.56 mol with Oxygen
What concentration of Calcium hydroxide if it take 32.4 mL to neutralize 16.5 of nitric acid. MM HNO3=63 g/mol
4.04 M
Given the information of reactivity:
*Sodium has a big reaction
*Aluminum has no reaction
*Gold has a slow reaction
What is the trend going across the periodic table-in order to gain the points you need to support you answer
It decrease across the table which is supported by Sodium being the more reactive and Aluminum having no reaction.
What type of reaction is this:
2KI + Pb(NO3)2--> 2KNO3 + PbI2
Double Displacement Reaction
Predict the product, Balance and determine the states of matter
A Gold (II) Acetate solution reacts with iron (III) nitrate
3Au(C2H3O2)2 (aq) + 2Fe(NO3)3 (aq)--> 3Au(NO3)2(aq) + 2Fe(C2H3O2)3(s)
Aqueous Magneisum Chloride (MgCl2) and Silver (I) Nitrate (AgNO3) are mixed
1.Write and balance the equation
2.If you have 6 grams of each reactant which is the limiting reactant
3.If the reaction in the lab actually produced 18.5 gram of precipitate, find the % yield.
MgCl2 + 2AgNO3--> Mg(NO3)2 +2AgCl
Silver Nitrate is the limiting reactant (0.35)
85.2% yield
Find the grams of aluminum hydroxide required to neutralize 100.5mL of .87 M hydrofluoric acid.
MM Al(OH)3= 78 g/mol
2.27 g Al(OH)3