Vocabulary Related to Conditional Reasoning
What is a heuristic?
A general strategy that usually works well.
Psychologists may adopt a BLANK, which distinguishes between two types of cognitive processing.
Dual-processing theory.
What does conditional reasoning rely on?
Working memory.
What is an antecedent?
It is the first proposition/statement.
What is an example of type 1 processing?
Examples include depth perception, automatic stereotyping, and recognition of facial expression.
What does it mean to affirm the antecedent and deny the antecedent?
If you affirm the antecedent, you're saying it is true. If you deny it, you are saying it is false.
What is the consequent?
It is the proposition that comes second (the consequence).
What is an example of when we use type 2 processing?
Examples include when we think of exceptions to a general rule, when we realize we made a stereotyped response, or when we acknowledge we made an incorrect response.
People are tempted to affirm the BLANK.
ANTECEDENT or CONSEQUENCE?
CONSEQUENCE.
What is type 1 processing?
It is fast and automatic, and requires little conscious attention.
What is the relationship between type 1 processing and conditional reasoning?
People typically use type 1 processing during conditional reasoning but may pause and shift to type 2 processing.
What component of working memory does conditional reasoning rely upon?
The central-executive component of working memory.
What is type 2 processing?
It is slow and controlled. It requires conscious attention.
Type 2 processing requires BLANK attention and working BLANK.
Type 2 processing requires FOCUSED attention and working MEMORY.
What are the four conditional reasoning situations?
1. Affirming the antecedent
2. Affirming the consequence
3. Denying the antecedent
4. Denying the consequent