Social theories
How did Locke view the social contract?
Locke believed that it was people forming a government with consent to protect their natural rights.
What is heresy?
The belief or opinion that goes against a certain religion.
During the Scientific Revolution, how did technology change?
The telescope and the microscope enabling new discoveries in Astronomy and Biology
How did the palace of Versailles play a role in the development of Louis the XVI absolute power?
By making Versailles the official residence and center of government.
How was "divine right" used to support absolute rule?
Asserting that monarchs derived their authorities directly from god making them answerable only to him not their people or earthly authority.
According to Locke what should people do if their government is doing bad things to the people and their rights?
Locke said if the government isn't protecting the peoples rights they have the right to rebel and create a new government.
Who might have been accused of heresy during the Scientific Revolution?
Galileo Galilei and Giordano Bruno
Which British scientist defined gravity?
Sir Issac Newton
What are the causes of the French Revolution?
Severe social inequality and unsustainable national debt and the rise of enlightenment ideals?
Who was Louis XVI?
Last king of France before the fall of the monarchy during the French revolution
How did Hobbes view the social contract?
Hobbes saw the contract as an agreement to establish absolute power.
What is the heliocentric theory?
Proposes that the sun is the central point of our solar system.
What is the scientific method?
A logical procedure for gathering and testing ideas.
Identify Natural Law.
An ethical theory that claims that humans are born with a certain moral compass that guides behaviors.
Who was Marie Antoinette?
Marie Atoinette was the last queen of France before the French Revolution and the wife of Louis the XVI
How did Rousseau view the social contract?
He viewed it as a pact where individuals surrender their natural freedoms to a collective “general will”.
What is the geocentric theory?
The idea that the Earth is the center of the universe and everything revolves around it.
What is Newton's law of Gravity?
Describes gravity as a force and that what goes up must come down
What was the significance of the Three Estates in France?
It was the basis of French society and the structure of the Estates General
Why did the idea of divine right work with religious figures?
Because it seemed like they were given a god given power that was better than anyone else.
What is the Social Contract Theory?
The social contract theory suggests that societies are formed from an agreement where people give up individual freedoms for protection from the government.
What kinds of ideas did European philosophers of the Enlightenment begin rethinking?
Government, religion, and economics
How did The Scientific Revolution change people’s view on the catholic church?
It significantly challenged the authority of the Catholic church, leading to a decline in its dominance and questioning of its teachings.
What did the Committee of Public Safety do during the Reign of Terror?
They oversaw the defense of the French Republic against both foreign and domestic enemies.
Is divine right different from absolute rule?
Divine right is a religious and political theory asserting that a monarch's authority comes from god. while absolute rule is a form of government where the monarch hols supreme and unlimited power