Congenital Heart Defects
A condition a mother can develop during early pregnancy if not immunized, that's a risk factor for CHD in the neonate.
Rubella
This can develop due to the pediatric child having chronic hypoxia.
Polycythemia
Name 2 congenital heart defects that are caused d/t reduction or impairment of blood flow to the lungs.
Pulmonary Stenosis
Tetralogy of Fallot
Name the medication you might anticipate giving to keep the ductus arteriosus open in a pediatric patient.
Prostaglandin E1
Name the anatomical structure that connects the pulmonary artery and the descending aorta, that is present in utero that should resolve shortly after delivery.
Ductus Arteriosus
This defect in a pediatric patient causes a left to right shunt of blood within the ventricles.
Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD)
A blueish hue that you may see on a pediatric patient that is struggling with maintaining good oxygenation.
Cyanosis
Name 2 congenital heart defects that occur d/t blood flow that is impaired or reduced systemically.
Coarctation of the Aorta
Aortic Stenosis
Name one assessment the RN can complete without an order when assessing the pediatric patient's oxygen/circulation status.
Pulse Oximeter
Color
Capillary Refill
Pulses
Respiratory rate/HR
This anatomical structure is present during utero, closes after delivery, and is located between the right and left atria.
Foramen Ovale
Name the 4 criteria of Tetralogy of Fallot
Pulmonary Valve Stenosis
Right Ventricular Hypertrophy
Overriding Aorta
Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD)
What congenital heart defect would you see: bounding pulses, wide pulse pressure, or “machinery” murmur
PDA
What congenital heart defect can occur d/t increased blood flow to the lungs.
Ventricular Septal Defect
A physician ordered diagnostic study that allows for detection of pediatric heart conditions.
Echocardiogram
Name the structure that separates the right and left ventricles
Ventricular Septum
Name the congenital heart defect that requires medication to keep the Ductus Arteriosus open.
Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome (HLHS)
Name 3 symptoms you may see in a child with a congenital heart defect where there is an increase of pulmonary blood flow.
Tachypnea, tachycardia, murmur, congestive heart failure, poor weight gain, diaphoresis, periorbital edema, frequent respiratory infections.
This may occur to the overfilling and decrease contractility of the ventricles
Ventricular Hypertrophy
Name 2 labs you may anticipate on a pediatric child with possible CHD
CBC
ABG's
H&H
This structure is responsible for carrying oxygenated blood to the body
Aorta
This congenital heart defect involves the aorta and the pulmonary artery
Patent Ductus Arteriosus
Name 3 symptoms that you may see in a child that has a decreased pulmonary blood flow d/t a congenital heart defect.
Cyanosis, hypercyanotic episodes, poor weight gain, polycythemia
List the correct blood flow of the heart along with what kind of blood is present.
1. Inferior and Superior Vena Cava (brings in deoxygenated Blood from the body)
2. Right Atria (deoxygenated blood)
3. Passes through the tricuspid valve into the right ventricle (deoxygenated blood)
4. Pulmonary valve to the lungs (deoxygenated blood)
5. Left Pulmonary Veins (oxygenated blood)
6. Into the left Atria (oxygenated Blood)
7. Through the Mitral Valve (oxygenated blood)
8. Into the left Ventricle (oxygenated blood)
9.Up the Aortic Valve (oxygenated blood)
10. Up and out into systemic circulation (oxygenated blood)
Name the medication that a child can receive that helps to aid in closing of the PDA.
Indomethacin
This structure is what is responsible for carrying deoxygenated blood to the lungs for gas exchange
Pulmonary Artery