CHD Classifications
This CHD Classification causes Decreased Pulmonary Blood Flow (DPBF) and causes hyper-cyanotic episodes.
What is Right-to-Left Shunting?
This can develop due to the pediatric child having chronic hypoxia, which stimulates the kidneys to produce more EPO → bone marrow makes more RBCs
What is Polycythemia - Hgb >22g/ld?
Name 2 congenital heart defects that are caused d/t reduction or impairment of blood flow to the lungs.
What is...Pulmonary Stenosis and Tetralogy of Fallot?
Name the medication you might anticipate giving to keep the ductus arteriosus open in a pediatric patient.
What is Prostaglandin E1?
Name the anatomical structure that connects the pulmonary artery and the descending aorta, that is present in utero that should resolve shortly after delivery.
What is Ductus Arteriosus?
This defect in a pediatric patient causes a left to right shunt of blood within the ventricles.
What is Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD)?
A blueish/grayish skin tone you may see on a pediatric patient that is struggling with maintaining good oxygenation.
What is Cyanosis?
Name 2 congenital heart defects that occur d/t blood flow that is impaired or reduced systemically.
What is Coarctation of the Aorta and Aortic Stenosis?
The immediate management involves placing the child in a knee-chest position to increase systemic vascular resistance
What are:
Knee-chest positioning for infants and Squatting positioning for older children?
This anatomical structure is present during utero, closes after delivery, and is located between the right and left atria.
What is the Foramen Ovale?
Name the 4 criteria of Tetralogy of Fallot
What is...
Pulmonary Valve Stenosis
Right Ventricular Hypertrophy
Overriding Aorta
Ventricular Septal Defect (VSD)
What congenital heart defect would you see: bounding pulses, wide pulse pressure, or “machinery” murmur
What is Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA)?
This defect cause obstruction of blood flow from the right ventricle to the lungs and allows mixing of oxygenated and deoxygenated blood, leading to cyanosis (bluish skin color). [
What is Tetralogy of Fallot?
A physician ordered diagnostic study that allows for detection of pediatric heart conditions.
What is an Echocardiogram
Name the structure that separates the right and left ventricles
What is the Ventricular Septum?
This CHD Classification causes Increased Pulmonary Blood Flow (IPBF) and is acyanotic.
What is Left-to-Right Shunting?
Name 3 symptoms you may see in a child with a congenital heart defect where there is an increase of pulmonary blood flow.
What is....Tachypnea, tachycardia, murmur, congestive heart failure, poor weight gain, diaphoresis, periorbital edema, frequent respiratory infections?
This may occur to the overfilling and decrease contractility of the ventricles
What is Ventricular Hypertrophy
Name a medication that helps improve contractility of the heart muscle.
This structure is responsible for carrying oxygenated blood to the body
What is the Aorta?
This is a condition where a small blood vessel called the ductus arteriosus does not close after birth like it should.
What is Patent Ductus Arteriosus?
Name 3 symptoms that you may see in a child that has a decreased pulmonary blood flow d/t a congenital heart defect.
Cyanosis, hyper-cyanotic episodes, poor weight gain, polycythemia?
This is a severe cyanotic congenital heart defect where the tricuspid valve fails to develop, resulting in no direct connection between the right atrium and right ventricle.
What is Tricuspid Atresia?
Name the medication that a child can receive that helps to aid in closing of the PDA.
What is Indomethacin?
This structure is what is responsible for carrying deoxygenated blood to the lungs for gas exchange
What is the Pulmonary Artery?