Increased pulmonary blood flow defects
A hole in the wall between the two upper chambers of the heart.
What is an ASD (Atrial Septal Defect)
The absence of a valve between the right atrium and the right ventricle. No blood can flow between these two chambers.
What is tricuspid atresia?
A strong diuretic that is commonly given to patients with heart failure. Side effects include hypokalemia and ototoxicity.
What is Furosemide (Lasix)?
A narrowing at the entrance to the pulmonary artery. Resistance to blood flow causes right ventricular hypertrophy and decreased blood flow to the lungs.
What is pulmonary stenosis?
A cardinal sign of chronic hypoxemia seen in the hands.
What is clubbing of the fingers?
A hole in the wall between the two lower chambers of the heart.
What is a VSD (Ventricular Septal Defect)?
The left ventricle of the heart is severely underdeveloped or not present.
What is hypoplastic left heart syndrome?
What is Spironalactone (Aldactone)?
A narrowing or stricture of the aortic valve, causing resistance to blood flow from the left ventricle. This leads to decreased cardiac output, left ventricular hypertrophy, and pulmonary vascular congestion.
What is aortic stenosis?
A period of sudden cyanosis in children with Tetralogy of Fallot, usually after crying or feeding. Initial management includes moving the child to a knee-to-chest position.
What is a TET spell?
A hole in the septum of the heart that allows blood to flow between all four chambers of the heart, both upper and lower.
What is an AV (atrioventricular) canal defect?
The combination of four distinct congenital defects: a VSD, pulmonary stenosis, an overriding aorta, and right ventricular hypertrophy.
What is Tetralogy of Fallot?
A heart failure medication with a narrow margin for toxicity. Side effects include bradycardia and vomiting. The apical pulse rate should be checked for 60 seconds before administration.
What is Digoxin?
A procedure where a thin, flexible tube is guided through a blood vessel to the heart to evaluate heart function and/or correct certain heart conditions.
What is cardiac catheterization?
A condition in which the heart can't pump enough blood to meet the body's metabolic needs. In pediatrics, this is mainly related to structural defects.
What is heart failure?
The direction that blood is shunted with these defects.
What is left-to-right?
The aorta is attached to the right ventricle instead of the left, circulating oxygen-poor blood in a closed loop. The pulmonary artery is connected to the left ventricle instead of the right, circulating oxygen-rich blood in a closed loop.
What is transposition of the great arteries (TGA)?
A group of drugs used in the treatment of heart failure. Causes vasodilation that reduces pulmonary and systemic vascular resistance. Side effects include hypotension, renal dysfunction, hyperkalemia, and cough.
What are ACE inhibitors?
A genetic condition that is highly associated with congenital heart defects. Almost half of all children with this sydrome have a CHD.
What is Down's Syndrome (Trisomy 21)?
The BEST indicator of fluid status changes, especially in children.
What are daily weights?
A blood vessel used in the fetal heart circuit to connect the aorta and the pulmonary artery and bypass the lungs, which failed to close after birth.
What is a PDA (Patent Ductus Arteriosis)?
Instead of having an aorta and a pulmonary artery, there is a single large blood vessel attached at the middle of the two ventricles, where part or all of the wall between the ventricles is missing.
What is trunctus arteriosus?
A medication that inhibits prostaglandins and can be used to chemically close a Patent Ductus Arteriosus (PDA).
What is Indomethacin or Ibuproufen?
A narrowing of part of the aorta that causes bounding pulses and high BP in the arms and weak pulses and low BP in the legs.
What is coarction of the Aorta?
This cardiac defect produces a continuous "machine-like" murmur on auscultation.
What is a patent ductus arteriousis?