Spine
A distinct feature of cervical vertebrae is that they have transverse foramen (C1-C6). This allows which structure to travel to the brain?
a) vertebral artery
b) suprascapular nerve
a) vertebral artery
What is the name of the sloped region anterior to the foramen magnum which supports the brainstem?
a) occipital condyle
b) clivus
c) parietal tuber
b) clivus
the brainstem passes through the foramen magnum
What ligament around the clavicle is injured during clavicular dislocation from a fall on an outstretched hand?
a) costoclavicular ligament
b) coracoclavicular ligament
b) coracoclavicular ligament
Which bone is not one of the three that fuse at the acetabulum by age 18?
a) sacrum
b) ilium
c) ischium
d) pubis
a) sacrum
The patella is a sesamoid bone that is embedded in which tendon?
quadriceps
Which bone is palpable in the anatomical snuffbox, and is commonly fractured in a FOOSH injury?
a) lunate
b) scaphoid
c) triquetrum
d) pisiform
b) scaphoid
it also receives retrograde blood supply, increasing risk for avascular necrosis
What structure allows rotation of the head at C2 (Axis)
a) Dens (odontoid process)
b) uncinate process
a) Dens (odontoid process)
Which cranial bone is located behind the orbit, and contacts all cranial bones?
a) ethmoid
b) temporal
c) parietal
d) sphenoid
d) sphenoid
At the distal end of the humerus, the medial condyle and epicondyla are the flexor muscle attachment, where you can find the "funny bone" aka _____
a) trochlea
b) capitulum
c) deltoid tuberosity
d) ulnar nerve sulcus
d) ulnar nerve sulcus
Which structure allows the passage of the sciatic nerve, inferior gluteal nerve & vessels, posterior femoral curaneous nerve & piriformis muscle
a) Ala
b) ASIS
c) arcuate line
d) greater sciatic notch
d) greater sciatic notch
located between ilium and ischium; forms greater sciatic foramen with the sacrospinous ligament
The greater trochanter of the femur attaches the ____ muscle; the lesser trochanter of the femur attaches the _____ muscle
a) gluteal, iliopsoas
b) piriformis, iliopsoas
c) gluteal, adductor longus
a) gluteal, iliopsoas
greater is lateral, lesser is medial
Disclocation of which wrist bone can cause carpal tunnel syndrome?
a) scaphoid
b) pisiform
c) lunate
c) lunate
Distinct feature of T spine vertebrae includes coastal facets for rib articulation. Two demi-facets on the vertebral body are where the ____ of the rib articulate with the same number vertebra and the vertebra above; one full facet on the transverse process is where the ___ of the same number of rib articulates
a) tubercle, head
b) head, tubercle
b) head, tubercle
what two bones form the optic canal, where the optic nerve (CN II) can pass through?
a) sphenoid and parieal
b) ethymoid and sphenoid
c) sphenoid and frontal
c) sphenoid and frontal
Articular surfaces in the humerus include ____ which forms the humeroulnar joint (medial), and _____ which forms the humeroradial joint (lateral)
a) trochlea, capitulum
b) capitulum, trochlea
c) medial condyle, lateral condyle
d) lateral condyle, medial condyle
a) trochlea, capitulum
The ischial tuberosity is also known as the "sit bone". It's an attachment site for the hamstrings. Which muscle is not a hamstring muscle?
a) sartorius
b) biceps femoris
c) semimembranosus
d) semitendinosus
a) sartorius
Which condyle of the tibia contains Gerdy's tubercle, which is an IT band insertion?
a) medial condyle
b) lateral condyle
a) lateral condyle
medial condyle attaches the semimembranosus
Guyon Canal Syndrome ("Handlebar Palsy) involves compression of the ulnar nerve in Guyon's canal, which is medial to which wrist bone?
a) scaphoid
b) pisiform
c) lunate
b) pisiform
involves numbness in 4 and 5th digits, claw hand when severe
On lumbar vertebrae, the mammillary process is located on the:
a) transverse process
b) superior articular process
b) superior articular process
the accessory process is located on the transverse process
The anterior fontanelle (bregma) closes within ____, while posterior fontanelle (lambda) within _____
a) 6 months, 1 year
b) 1 year, 6 months
b) 1 year, 6 months
Which two bones does the distal end of the radius articulate with?
a) trapezoid & scaphoid
b) scaphoid & lunate
c) lunate & hamate
b) scaphoid & lunate
scaphoid is lateral, lunate is medial
The acetabulum is also known as the "hip socket". Which of its structures provides a hyaline-cartilage covered articular surface?
a) acetabular fossa
b) lunate surface
c) acetabular notch
d) acetabular labrum
b) lunate surface
acetabular fossa is a depression with a fat pad
acetabular notch is between ischium and pubis
acetabular labrum is fibrocartilaginous rim that deepens the socket
What is the primary weight-bearing bone of the lower leg?
Tibia
Which sesamoid bone is located within the flexor carpi ulnaris tendon?
a) triquetrium
b) pisiform
c) lunate
d) scaphoid
b) pisiform
sesamoid bones are located within tendons and help with movement and reducing friction
THe median sacral crest on the dorsal surface of the sacrum contains fused _____
a) spinous processes
b) transverse processes
c) articular processes
a) spinous processes
transverse is the lateral sacral crest
articular is the intermediate sacral crest
the supraorbital notch in the frontal bone is a passage for the _____ nerve, which is a branch of the trigeminal nerve
a) hypoglossal
b) zygomatic
c) ophthalmic
c) ophthalmic
On the shaft of the ulna, you can find the ulnar tuberosity. This provides an attachment point for which muscle?
a) biceps brachii
b) brachioradialis
c) flexor carpi ulnaris
b) brachioradialis
Which nerve can be entraped between the sacrospinous and sacrotuberous ligaments, causing perineal pain, numbness and dysfunction?
a) sciatic nerve
b) pudendal nerve
c) femoral nerve
b) pudendal nerve
The distal end of the tibia has the ____ malleolus, the distal end of the fibula has the _____ malleolus
a) lateral, medial
b) medial, lateral
b) medial, lateral
The sesamoid bones of the feet work with the head of the second metatarsal to form the "ball of the foot". How many are there?
2
The anterior (pelvic) surface of the sacrum contains ______, which is the exit for sacral nerves
a) sacral canal
b) sacral hiatus
b) sacral pelvic foramina
b) sacral pelvic foramina
the other two are on the posterior (dorsal) surface
What structure in the sphenoid bone houses the pituitary gland (hypophysis)
a) sphenoid sinus
b) external acoustic meatus
c) sella turcica
c) sella turcica
The shaft of the radius has a tuberosity for the insertion of which muscle?
a) biceps brachii
b) brachioradialis
c) flexor carpi ulnaris
a) biceps brachii, it's called the bicipital tuberosity
The obturator foramen allows the passage for obturator nerve and vessels. Which bone is not involved in its formation?
a) ischium
b) pubis
c) ilium
c) ilium
Is patellar dislocation more common medially or laterally?
Laterally - due to strong vastus lateralis pull
Is the pinky finger affected in carpal tunnel?
No, sensation is spared due to palmar cutaneous branch of the median nerve which enters outside the carpal tunnel