Discovery of America
Who was the navigator that discovered America in 1492?
Christopher Columbus
Who conquered the Aztec Empire in 1521?
Hernán Cortés
What language and religion spread throughout much of the Americas after conquest?
Spanish and Catholicidsm
What group of people often emigrated from Spain to the Americas?
Criminals, the poor, and people seeking riches
What nickname was given to Juana of Castile?
Juana “The Mad” (Juana la Loca)
Name the three caravels Columbus sailed with.
La Niña, La Pinta, and La Santa María
Who conquered the Inca Empire in 1533?
Francisco Pizarro
Name one product that came from America to Europe.
Tomatoes, potatoes, tobacco, or corn
Name one reason Native American populations declined.
Diseases, war, suicides, genocide, or forced labor
Who were the parents of Charles I of Spain?
Philip “The Fair” and Juana “The Mad”
Which islands did Columbus explore on his first voyage?
The Bahamas, Cuba, and Hispaniola
What were the names of the Spanish viceroyalties in the Americas?
New Spain, New Granada, and Peru
What new mixed culture emerged after the conquest?
Hispano-American culture
What labor system replaced Native American labor?
African slave labor
What was Charles I's main challenge with religion?
Conflicts with the Protestant Reformation
What port did Columbus depart from in Spain?
Palos de la Frontera (Huelva)
What was the name of the first person to sail around the world?
Juan Sebastian Elcano
Which Spanish cities became important seaports for trade with America?
Seville and Cadiz
What century did Spain become the most powerful empire?
The 16th Century
What empire did Charles I divide between his son and brother?
His son Philip II got Spain, America, and the Netherlands; his brother Ferdinand got the Holy Roman Empire
What year did Columbus first reach the Americas?
1492
What did Juan Sebastian Elcano’s voyage prove?
That the Earth is round and all oceans are connected
What was most of Spain’s wealth used for?
Wars with other European countries and enriching the powerful
What caused Spain to have conflicts with other European powers?
Competition over colonies and wealth
What event caused the failure of Philip II’s Spanish Armada?
A great storm (squall) sank many of the ships near the English coast