The awareness we have of ourselves and our environment
What is Consciousness?
100
When people become physically active during Stage 4, while most people are still and quiet. They may get up and walk around, carry conversations, perform household chores, or go outside and get in their car. Because they are in a deep sleep, they remember nothing of their actions when they wake up
What is Sleep Walking?
100
This psychoanalyst believed that dreams allow people to express unconscious wishes they find unacceptable in real life. He drew a distinction between the manifest content and the latent content of dreams. According to him, the manifest content is a symbolic representation of the latent content
Who is/was Sigmund Freud?
100
Hypnotic, Meditative, and Drug-Induced
What are the 3 Major Altered States?
100
Drugs that stimulate the central nervous system
What are Stimulants?
200
Tracings of electrical activity going on in the brain
What are Brain Waves?
200
Insufficient sleep that can have negative effects on health, productivity, and performance
What is Sleep Deprivation?
200
This dream theory proposes that neurons in the brain randomly activate during REM sleep. Dreams arise when the cortex of the brain tries to make meaning out of these random neural impulses. According to this theory, dreams are basically brain sparks
What is the Activation-Synthesis Theory?
200
Don't occur naturally and must be induced in some way
What are the 3 Major Altered States?
200
Drugs that slow down the central nervous system
What are Sedatives?
300
One of the many types of consciousness we experience, it is affected by biological rhythms
What is Sleep?
300
Chronic problem with falling or staying asleep
What is Insomnia?
300
This dream theory proposes that dreams express people’s most pressing concerns and might help to solve problems in day-to-day life
What is the Problem-Solving Theory?
300
A procedure that opens people to the power of suggestion. A specialist puts a subject in this altered state by encouraging relaxation and sleepiness and often describing the sorts of physical sensations a subject should be feeling. Once a subject is in this altered state, he or she may act, perceive, think, or feel according to the specialist's suggestions
What is Hypnosis?
300
Also called opiates, these drugs can relieve pain
What are Narcotics?
400
Regular, periodic changes in a body's functioning. There are 3 types (circadian, infradian, and ultradian)
What are Biological Rhythms?
400
Tendency to fall asleep periodically during the day. Dangerous for those driving or operating machinery
What is Narcolepsy?
400
This dream theory proposes that dreams arise during the brain’s routine functions, such as eliminating or strengthening neural connections. Dreams, then, are a way of cleaning up brain files
What is the Neutral Housekeeping Theory?
400
The practice of focusing attention. Enhances awareness and allows one to gain more control of physical and mental processes. Techniques include activities such as repetitive chanting and breathing exercises. Physical indicators include a slowed pulse and breathing. Has long-term effects such as improved physical and mental health and reducing stress
What is Meditation?
400
Drugs that cause sensory and perceptual distortions
What are Hallucinogens?
500
Also called paradoxical sleep, this sleep stage is characterized by deep sleep, alert brain wave activity, and vivid dreams
What is REM (Rapid Eye Movement)?
500
When a person stops breathing multiple times during a night’s sleep, and each time they stop, they wake up gasping for air. This prevents them from getting enough deep sleep, which leads to irritability and sleepiness during the day. Can also result in high blood pressure
What is Sleep Apnea?
500
Dreams in which people are aware that they are dreaming and may be able to control their actions to some extent within the dream
What is a Lucid Dream?
500
Different from medicinal drugs, ___ have psychological effects, changing sensory experience, perception, mood, thinking, and behavior. Some have legitimate medical uses, others are used recreationally
What are Psychoactive Drugs?
500
Sensory or perceptual experiences that happen without any external stimulus. Perceiving sights, sounds, and tastes that aren't actually present